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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.75.2023.tde-29012024-103628
Document
Author
Full name
Lucas Vinicius Leite Martoni
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Machado, Sergio Antonio Spinola (President)
Bernardi, Juliana Cancino
Correia, Adriana Nunes
Pereira, Paulo Augusto Raymundo
Souza, Djenaine de
Title in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento de sensores fotoeletroquímicos impressos modificados com nanoesferas de carbono para quantificação de poluentes emergentes em amostras de água de abastecimento
Keywords in Portuguese
eletrodos impressos
ftalocianina de cobalto (II)
hidroquinona
nanoesferas de carbono
paracetamol
poluentes emergentes
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta tese, foram desenvolvidos métodos fotoeletroquímicos miniaturizados a partir de eletrodos impressos (SPEs) modificados com nanoesferas de carbono (CSS) e com essas associadas ao fotossensibilizador ftalocianina de cobalto (II) CoPc, e foram aplicados na quantificação de poluentes emergentes. As CSS foram sintetizadas a partir da glicose, usando rota ambientalmente amigável e, por meio de diferentes técnicas de caracterização, foi possível concluir que apresentaram formato esférico, com diâmetro médio de 150 ±30 nm, band gap (Eg) de 1,3 eV e cuja superfície era composta por carbono (81,95%) e oxigênio (18,05%), sendo que a hibridização dos átomos de carbono era de 50,4% de sp3 e 46,4% de sp2. SPEs foram modificados com as CSS sintetizadas e aplicados na determinação de hidroquinona (HQ), tendo o sensor apresentado faixa linear de 3,0 a 23,0 µmol L-1, sensibilidade de 0,069 (±0,004) µA L µmol -1 e limite de detecção (LOD) de 2,7 µmol L-1. SPEs também foram modificados com as CSS sintetizadas e com o fotossensibilizador CoPc e foram aplicados na quantificação de paracetamol em amostras de água de abastecimento e de medicamento (comprimido). Esse sensor apresentou faixa linear de 1,5 a 14,0 µmol L-1, sensibilidade de 0,083 (±0,002) µA L µmol-1 e LOD de 0,85 µmol L-1. Quando comparado com o eletrodo modificado apenas com as CSS, o valor da sensibilidade foi cerca de 2,8 vezes maior e do LOD cerca de 1,34 vezes menor para o eletrodo em que há a presença do fotossensibilizador. Também foi verificado que os sensores desenvolvidos eram seletivos (valores de interferência inferiores a 20% nos dois casos) e reprodutíveis (verificado em experimentos intra-dia e interdias), sendo que no sensor em que há a presença da CoPc também foi estudada sua estabilidade ao longo do tempo, tendo sido constatado que era estável por 57 dias.
Title in English
Development of screen-printed photoelectrochemical sensors modified with carbon spherical shells for emerging pollutants quantification in water samples
Keywords in English
acetaminophen
carbon spherical shells
cobalt (II) phthalocyanine
emerging pollutants
hydroquinone
screen-printed electrodes
Abstract in English
In this work, miniaturized photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors based on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) modified with carbon spherical shells (CSS) and CSS associated with the photosensitizer cobalt phthalocyanine (II) CoPc were developed and applied for emerging pollutants quantification. CSS were synthesized by glucose, by an eco-friendly route, and characterized by different techniques. It was concluded that CSS have spherical shape, with average diameter of 150 ±30 nm, band gap (Eg) of 1.3 eV, and surface composition of 81.95% of carbon and 18.05% of oxygen, with 50.4% of those carbons in the sp3 and 46.4% in the sp2 hybridization. SPEs were modified with synthesized CSS and applied in hydroquinone (HQ) determination, having the sensor presented linear range from 3.0 to 23.0 µmol L-1, sensitivity of 0.069 (± 0.004) µA L µmol-1 and limit of detection (LOD) of 2.7 µmol L-1. SPEs were also modified with CSS and with the photosensitizer CoPc and were applied in the quantification of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in tap water and tablet. This sensor showed a linear range from 1.5 to 14.0 µmol L-1, sensitivity of 0.083 (±0.002) µA L µmol-1, and LOD of 0.85 µmol L-1. When compared with SPE modified only with CSS, the sensitivity was 2.8 folds higher and LOD 1.34 times lower for the electrode modified with CSS and CoPc. Other parameters were evaluated, and it was verified that both sensors were selective (values of interference less than 20% for the studied compounds) and reproductible (verified intra-day and interdays), and in the sensor which there is the presence of CoPc, the stability over the time was also studied, having be found to be stable for 57 days.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-01-29
 
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