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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.75.2024.tde-23042024-093546
Document
Author
Full name
Diana Teresa Rêgo Araújo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Cavalheiro, Eder Tadeu Gomes (President)
Barbosa, Hellen Franciane Gonçalves
Nunes, Ronaldo Spezia
Title in Portuguese
Preparação e caracterização de bases de Schiff biopoliméricas, preparadas a partir de quitosana e tereftalaldeído
Keywords in Portuguese
atividade catalítica
bases de Schiff
complexos metálicos
quitosana
Abstract in Portuguese
A quitosana (Qt) é um biopolímero renovável, biocompatível, biodegradável e de baixa toxicidade, caracterizado pela presença de grupos amina em sua cadeia polimérica. Esses grupos amina possibilitam a síntese de bases de Schiff (BsS) derivadas da quitosana, que são amplamente reconhecidas como ligantes eficazes na química de coordenação. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo a síntese e caracterização de BsS a partir de oligômeros de quitosana (OQ) e tereftalaldeído (TFA) e seus complexos de Ni(II) e Cu(II). Os compostos foram caracterizados por espectroscopia vibracional na região do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), espectroscopia Raman, ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (1H-RMN), análise térmica (TGA/DTG/DTA), difratometria de raios X (DRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios X (EDS) e viscosimetria. Os espectros de 1H-RMN, revelaram que o grau de substituição (GS) variou de 45,0% a 64,0%. As massas molares médias foram determinadas por viscosimetria, resultando em valores de 119 kDa para a quitosana e 9 kDa para seus oligômeros. Os espectros de FTIR das BsS indicaram a presença da banda característica da ligação -C=N-. As curvas TGA/DTG/DTA mostraram que os complexos de Ni(II) e Cu(II) apresentaram menor estabilidade térmica que o ligante livre. Após a decomposição térmica dos complexos de Ni(II) e Cu(II), os resíduos foram submetidos à análise por DRX. Os resultados desta análise revelaram a presença de NiO e CuO. Os Difratogramas de raios X sugerem que, tanto as BsS, quanto seus complexos metálicos de Ni(II) e Cu(II) apresentaram um menor grau de cristalinidade em comparação ao polissacarídeo não modificado. No caso dos complexos de cobre, os espectros Raman exibiram bandas que indicam interações do metal com átomos de oxigênio e nitrogênio, sugerindo a formação de ligações metal-oxigênio e metal-nitrogênio. Imagens de MEV, em conjunto com dados de EDS, confirmaram a presença de metais na cadeia dos oligômeros de quitosana. Além disso, foi investigada a atividade catalítica desses novos materiais, usando como modelos as reações de síntese de carbonatos cíclicos a partir de óxido de estireno (OE) e dióxido de carbono (CO2). Nestes estudos, o ligante livre apresentou maior conversão (92,50%), em relação aos complexos metálicos.
Title in English
Preparation and characterization biopolymeric Schiff bases, prepared from chitosan and terephthalaldehyde
Keywords in English
catalytic activity
chitosan
metal complexes
Schiff bases
Abstract in English
Chitosan (Cs) is a renewable, biocompatible, biodegradable, and low-toxicity biopolymer, characterized by the presence of amine groups in its polymeric chain. These amine groups enable the synthesis of Schiff bases (SBs) derived from chitosan, which are widely recognized as effective ligands in coordination chemistry. In this context, this study aimed the synthesis and characterization of Schiff bases (SBs) derived from chitosan oligomers (OQ) and terephthalaldehyde (TPA) and their Ni(II) and Cu(II) metal complexes. These compounds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), thermal analysis (TGA/DTG/DTA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and viscosimetry. The 1H-NMR spectra, revealed that the degree of substitution (DS) varied from 45.0% to 64.0%. The average molar masses were determined by viscosimetry, resulting in 119 kDa for purified chitosan and 9 kDa for its oligomers. The FTIR spectra indicated characteristic band related to -C=N- bonds. TGA/DTG/DTA curves showed that the complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) presented lower thermal stability than the free ligand. After the thermal decomposition of complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II), the residues were subjected to XRD analysis. The results of this analysis revealed the presence of NiO and CuO. The X-ray diffractograms suggest that both BsS and its metallic complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) exhibited a lower degree of crystallinity compared to the unmodified polysaccharide. In the case of copper complexes, the Raman spectra exhibited bands that indicate interactions of the metal with both oxygen and nitrogen atoms, suggesting the formation of metal-oxygen and metal-nitrogen bonds. SEM images, associated with EDS, confirmed the presence of metals in the chain of chitosan oligomers. Furthermore, was investigated the catalytic activity of these new materials aiming at the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from styrene oxide (OE) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was evaluated. In these studies, the free ligand exhibited a higher conversion (92.50%) in relation to the metal complexes.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-04-24
 
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