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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2022.tde-14032023-114504
Document
Author
Full name
Milena Domingues Lacerenza
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Dória, Renata Gebara Sampaio (President)
Gobesso, Alexandre Augusto de Oliveira
Ribeiro, Max Gimenez
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de cáries, diastemas, microbioma bucal e pH da cavidade oral em equinos alimentados com alto teor de carboidratos solúveis na dieta
Keywords in Portuguese
Microbiologia molecular
Nutrição
Odontologia equina
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar se cavalos com alimentação com alto teor de carboidratos solúveis, à base de cana de açúcar, terão maior presença de cáries periféricas e infundibulares, menor pH da cavidade oral, maiores índice de diastemas, além de alteração no perfil de microbioma da cavidade oral, quando comparados com equinos alimentados à pasto, com gramínea Cynodon spp. Foram selecionados 20 animais, machos e fêmeas, hígidos, com faixa etária média de 7,5 anos, com peso corpóreo entre 473±34,75 kg, sem raça definida, com a mesma dieta a pelo menos 3 anos, distribuídos em dois grupos experimentais, sendo eles Grupo Alto Teor de Carboidratos Soluvéis (GATCS), composto por 10 equinos que possuíam histórico de alimentação com volumoso de cana de açúcar e Grupo Baixo Teor de Carboidratos Soluvéis (GBTCS), composto por 10 equinos que possuíam histórico de alimentação a pasto, com gramínea Cynodon spp. A presença, tipo e grau de cáries e diastemas foram avaliadas com auxílio de oroscópio oral adaptado para equinos e documentadas por meio de fotografias. De cada animal, em ambos os grupos experimentais, foi realizada a colheita de amostras de saliva, de diferentes regiões da cavidade oral, para avaliação do pH e para avaliação da microbiota oral, por meio de sequenciamento de nova geração. Foi realizada análise estatística dos resultados, empregando-se o teste t de Student, para as comparações de dados quantitativos (pH) e paramétricos, considerados significativos valor de p menor que 5% (p < 0.05). Para as variáveis que não atenderam as premissas estatísticas, variáveis qualitativas, foi realizado o teste Teste de Mann-Whitney (teste de Wilcoxon). Foram verificadas diferenças, entre os grupos avaliados, em relação à presença de cáries periféricas (p = 0,001), ao grau (p = 0,010) e à classe (p = 0,05). Não foi encontrada diferença entre grupos quanto ao pH da cavidade oral. Na avaliação de microbiota oral, para o índice de Chao, índice invertido de Simpson e índice de Shannon não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos (p > 0,05). Em relação à abundância relativa, foi observada diferença entre GBTCS e GATCS (p = 0,003). Quanto à Análise Discriminante Linear (LDA Score), os filos Candidatus Saccharibacteria e Bateriodetes apresentaram diferença no GATCS, e Cyanobateria_Chloroplast e Proteobacteria para os GBTCS. Observou-se que mais de 35 gêneros de microorganismos apresentaram diferença (LDA>2) entre os grupos GBTCS e GATCS. Conclui-se que o perfil alimentar dos cavalos influencia a doença cariogênica e o perfil da microbiota oral.
Title in English
Evaluation of caries, diastema, oral microbiome and pH of the oral cavity in horses fed a high soluble carbohydrates in the diet
Keywords in English
Equine dentistry
Molecular microbiology
Nutrition
Abstract in English
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether horses fed with a high content of soluble carbohydrates, based on sugar cane, will have a greater presence of peripheral and infundibular caries, lower pH of the oral cavity, higher diastema index, in addition to changes in the profile of oral cavity microbiome, when compared to pasture-fed horses with Cynodon spp. Were selected 20 animals, males and females, healthy, 7,5 years, with body weight between 473±34,75 kg kg, of mixed breed, distributed in two experimental groups, namely the High Soluble Carbohydrates Group (GATCS), composed of 10 horses that had a history of feeding with sugarcane roughage and the Low Soluble Carbohydrates Group (GBTCS), composed of 10 horses that had a history of feeding on pasture, with grass Cynodon spp. The presence, type and degree of caries and diastema were evaluated with the aid of an oral oroscope adapted for horses and documented through photographs. Samples of salivary pH were collected from each animal in both experimental groups; and collected sterile swabs for sequencing with an Illumina MiSeq. For variables that did not meet the statistical premises, qualitative variables, the Mann-Whitney test (Wilcoxon test) was performed. For comparisons involving quantitative (pH) and parametric data, Student's t test was used, considering p- values less than 5% (p < 0.05) as significant. Differences were observed between the evaluated groups in relation to the presence of peripheral caries (p = 0.001), grade (p = 0.010) and class (p = 0.05). No difference was found between groups regarding the pH of the oral cavity. In the evaluation of the oral microbiota, for the Chao index, inverted Simpson index and Shannon index, no differences were observed between the groups (p > 0.05). Regarding relative abundance, a difference was observed between GBTCS and GATCS (p = 0.003). Regarding the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA Score), the phyla Candidatus Saccharibacteria and Bateriodetes showed differences in the GATCS, and Cyanobateria_Chloroplast and Proteobacteria for the GBTCS. It was observed that more than 35 genera of microorganisms showed a difference (LDA>2) between the GBTCS and GATCS groups. It is concluded that the feeding profile of horses influences the cariogenic disease and the profile of the oral microbiota.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-03-15
 
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