• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.74.2023.tde-05072023-092845
Document
Author
Full name
Stephanie Fernandez
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Luciano Andrade (President)
Cruvinel, Tatiana Morosini de Andrade
Galvão, André Luiz Baptista
Giglio, Robson Fortes
Sarto, Cibely Galvani
Title in Portuguese
Padronização dos métodos ultrassonográficos elastografia strain e contraste de microbolhas em órgãos abdominais do tamanduá bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Linnaeus, 1758)
Keywords in Portuguese
Cães
Elastografia strain
Microbolhas
Tamanduá bandeira
Ultrassonografia
Abstract in Portuguese
O tamanduá bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Linnaeus, 1758) é um animal de grande porte, que faz parte da cadeia alimentar do ambiente em que vive, ajudando no controle de insetos e servindo como alimento para outros animais. Está entre as espécies selvagens vítimas de traumas e queimadas, o que a torna vulnerável à extinção. Logo, estudos científicos buscam a preservação e a contribuição no diagnóstico e na terapêutica desses animais. Contribuir na área de diagnóstico é o principal objetivo deste trabalho, visando padronizar e descrever as técnicas de sonoelastografia e contraste por microbolhas no tamanduá bandeira. O estudo foi realizado com três grupos experimentais, sendo o grupo 1 composto por 10 tamanduás bandeiras, adultos saudáveis, provenientes do Zoológico Municipal de São José do Rio Preto-SP e os grupos 2 e 3 compostos por cinco cães cada, saudáveis, adultos, entre machos e fêmeas, a partir de 25 Kg de peso vivo, obtidos da rotina do Setor de Atendimento Clínico-cirúrgico de Pequenos Animais do Hospital Veterinário Dr. Halim Atique do Centro Universitário de Rio Preto UNIRP. O grupo 2 recebeu o mesmo protocolo de contenção química do grupo 1 e o grupo 3 não passou por contenção química. Todos os animais foram submetidos à avaliação hematológica, bioquímicas, urinálise e coproparasitológico para caracterização da saúde. Somente animais hígidos foram utilizados. Exame ultrassonográfico ao modo-B foi realizado com o aparelho ACUSON NX3 ELITE/SIEMENS, com transdutores multifrequenciais e matriciais convexo (2.0 a 5.0 MHz), microconvexo (3.1 a 8.8 MHz) e linear (4.0 a 12.0 MHz), para varredura geral da cavidade abdominal. Em seguida o fígado, baço e os rins foram avaliados com o software de sonoelastografia, sendo formadas imagens em mapa de cores (tons de vermelho, verde e azul) do tecido hepático, esplênico e renal, para avaliação da dureza tecidual relativa (elastograma). Após este estudo, o fígado foi avaliado com contraste por microbolhas, hexafluoreto de enxofre (SonoVue®), através de software específico, verificando a presença ou ausência de microbolhas, os tempos defase arterial, wash-in, wash-out e tempo de pico de contraste. Na sonoelastografia, foi observado o fígado com deformidade heterogênea, o baço predominantemente não deformável e os rins com cortical e medular não deformáveis. Na avaliação com contraste por microbolhas, foi observada a fase arterial entre os cães anestesiados e conscientes semelhantes, exceto quando comparados com os tamanduás, que foi menor (P<0.05). O tempo de wash-in foi diferente para os tamanduás quando comparado aos cães anestesiados, sendo maior (P<0.05) No pico de contraste houve diferença entre os cães e tamanduás, que foi maior (P<0.05) e o tempo de wash-out foi maior nos cães anestesiados quando comparados aos não anestesiados. As técnicas de sonoelastografia e de contraste por microbolhas descritas em cães foram aplicadas com êxito no tamanduá bandeira, auxiliando na determinação do padrão de normalidade dos órgãos estudados, sendo ferramentas auxiliadoras na avaliação ultrassonográfica nesta espécie.
Title in English
Standardization of ultrasonographic methods strain elastography and microbubble contrast in abdominal organs of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Linnaeus, 1758)
Keywords in English
Dogs
Giant anteater
Microbubbles
Strain elastography
Ultrasonography
Abstract in English
The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Linnaeus, 1758) is a large animal and is part of the food chain of the environment in which it lives, helping to control insects and serving as food for other animals. Is among the wild species trauma and fires victims, which makes it vulnerable to extinction. Therefore, scientific studies seek to preserve and contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of these animals. Contributing to the diagnosis is the main objective of this study, aiming to standardize and describe sonoelastography and microbubble contrast techniques in the giant anteater. The study was performed with three experimental groups, being group 1 consisted of 10 anteaters, healthy adults, from the Municipal Zoo of São José do Rio Preto-SP and groups 2 and 3 were formed by five dogs each, healthy, adults, between males and females, from 25 kg of live weight, obtained from the routine of the Clinical-Surgical Care Sector of Small Animals of the Veterinary Hospital Dr. Halim Atique from the University Center of Rio Preto UNIRP. The group 2 received the same chemical containment protocol as group 1 and the group 3 didn´t receive chemical containment. All animals were submitted to hematological, biochemical, urinalysis and coproparasitological evaluation for health assessment. Only healthy animals were used in this study. Ultrasound examination was performed with the ACUSON NX3 ELITE/SIEMENS device, in B-mode, with multifrequency transducers and convex (2.0 to 5.0 MHz), microconvex (3.1 to 8.8 MHz) and linear (4.0 to 12.0 MHz) arrays, for general scanning of the abdominal cavity. Then, the liver, spleen and kidneys were evaluated with the sonoelastography software and images were formed in color map (shades of red, green and blue) of the hepatic, splenic and renal tissue, to evaluate the hardness relative tissue (elastogram). After this study, the liver was evaluated with microbubble contrast, sulfur hexafluoride (SonoVue®), using specific software, verifying the presence or absence of microbubbles, wash-in and wash-out times and peak contrast time. In sonoelastography, was observed the liver with heterogeneous deformity, spleen predominantly non-deformable and the kidneys with cortical and medullary non-deformable. In the evaluation of microbubble contrast, was observed the arterial phase between anesthetized and conscious dogs was similar, except when compared with the anteaters was smaller (P<0.05). The vascular filling of the hepatic parenchyma (wash-in) was different for anteaters when compared to anesthetized dogs was higher (P<0.05). The peak contrast there was a difference between dogs and anteaters, that was higher (P<0.05) and the wash-out time was higher in the anesthetized dog when compared with conscious dogs. The sonoelastography and microbubble contrast technique described in dogs was successfully applied to the giant anteater, assisting in the determination of the standard normality of organs studied, being auxiliary tools in the ultrasound evaluation in this species.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
DO10523555COR.pdf (1.16 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2023-07-05
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.