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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.74.2020.tde-27042021-133539
Document
Author
Full name
Euder Cesar Michelin
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Sousa, Ricardo Luiz Moro de (President)
Keller, Luiz Antonio Moura
Chaguri, Milena Penteado
Kamimura, Eliana Setsuko
Pereira, Nycolas Levy
Yasui, George Shigueki
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos da exposição crônica a aflatoxinas na dieta em peixes Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
Keywords in Portuguese
AFB1
Aquicultura
Desempenho
Fisiologia
Micotoxinas
Resíduos
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a transferência de aflatoxinas da ração para os tecidos do Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), avaliando a influência dos níveis de toxina na ração sobre o desempenho e parâmetros fisiológicos dos peixes. As aflatoxinas foram incorporadas à ração extrusada para Pacus sendo que as concentrações foram confirmadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). O delineamento experimental compreendeu os seguintes tratamentos: Tratamento Controle - ração sem toxina; Tratamento A: ração extrusada + 10 µg AFB1/kg; Tratamento B: ração extrusada + 20 µg AFB1/kg e Tratamento C: ração extrusada + 50 µg AFB1/kg. Os animais juvenis de Pacu foram alocados em tanques com densidade de um peixe por litro. O experimento foi realizado por 180 dias com amostragens mensais, sendo que aproximadamente dez peixes por tratamento foram utilizados para compor uma amostra. A cada 30 dias foram realizados levantamentos biométricos, incluindo peso e comprimento padrão, além de análises de bioquímica sanguínea e histologia do fígado. Também foram obtidos dados de taxa de sobrevivência. A determinação de aflatoxinas foi realizada por CLAE em músculo e fígado. Os resultados demonstraram deposição de AFB1 no fígado ao longo do experimento em todos os tratamentos, mas apenas o tratamento C diferiu significativamente (p<0,05) dos demais a partir dos 150 dias, enquanto que no tecido muscular houve baixa deposição residual. Os peixes expostos cronicamente tiveram interferência negativa no peso e tamanho. A AFB1 na dieta causou alterações no tecido hepático, como degeneração gordurosa e hidrópica, células mortas ou em processo de morte. Na análise bioquímica, as alterações foram discretas. Pode-se concluir que o Pacu não está entre as espécies de peixes mais suscetíveis a resíduos de aflatoxinas em seus tecidos. No entato, a exposição crônica às aflatoxinas na dieta pode afetar a fisiologia e desempenho da espécie.
Title in English
Effects of chronic exposure to aflatoxins in diet on Pacu fish (Piaractus mesopotamicus).
Keywords in English
AFB1. Aquaculture. Performance. Physiology. Mycotoxins. Residues
Abstract in English
The objective of this work was to study thebioretention of various levels of aflatoxins from the diet to Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) tissues, and the effects on performance and physiological parameters. Aflatoxins were incorporated into the extruded Pacus feed and the concentrations were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The experimental design comprised the following treatments: Control Treatment - feed without toxin; Treatment A: extruded feed + 10 µg AFB1/ kg; Treatment B: extruded feed + 20 µg AFB1/ kg and Treatment C: extruded feed + 50 µg AFB1/ kg. juveniles Pacu (13,49 g BW and 8,35 cm SL) animals were allocated in tanks at density of one fish per liter. The experiment was carried out for 180 days with monthly sampling, and approximately ten fish per treatment were used to compose a sample. Body weight and standard length were measured at 30- days intervals, in addition of blood biochemistry and liver histology analysis were performed. Data on survival rate were also obtained. Aflatoxins were determined in muscle and liver by HPLC. Results showed AFB1 deposition in the liver throughout the experiment in all treatments, but only treatment C differed significantly (p < 0.05) from the others after 150 days, while in muscle tissue there was low residual deposition. Chronically exposed fish had negative influence in weight and size. Dietary AFB1 caused changes in liver tissue, such as fatty and hydropic degeneration, dead or dying cells. Regarding the biochemical analysis, the changes were discreet. It can be concluded that Pacu is not among the most suscetible fish species to aflatoxins residues in tissues. However, the chronical exposure to dietary aflatoxins may affect the phisiology and performance and subsequent performance.
 
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DO8614785COR.pdf (2.34 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2021-04-28
 
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