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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2023.tde-20022024-081019
Document
Author
Full name
Fernanda Cristina Pimenta
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Petrus, Rodrigo Rodrigues (President)
Lima, César Gonçalves de
Pinto, Uelinton Manoel
Title in Portuguese
Potencial da combinação de dióxido de carbono em estado supercrítico e temperaturas brandas na estabilização microbiológica e enzimática de caldo de cana
Keywords in Portuguese
Bebida não alcoólica
Delineamento fatorial
Tecnologia de barreiras
Tecnologias emergentes
Abstract in Portuguese
O caldo de cana é uma bebida nutritiva, energética e muito popular no Brasil. No que tange às tecnologias de processamento, o emprego de dióxido de carbono em estado supercrítico (SC-CO2) tem o potencial para assegurar a obtenção de produtos de elevada qualidade. O presente trabalho visou, primariamente, à avaliação de desempenho da aplicação combinada de SC-CO2 e temperaturas brandas na inativação de micro-organismos e enzimas atuantes na degradação de caldo de cana (pH~5,5). Pressões (P) na faixa de 74 a 351 bar, temperaturas (T) entre 33 e 67 °C, e tempos de exposição (t) entre 20 e 70 min foram testados, em um delineamento composto central rotacional. Dezessete ensaios foram realizados, incluindo três repetições no ponto central. Contagens de mesófilos aeróbios, bolores e leveduras, bactérias láticas e coliformes a 45 °C, determinação das atividades de polifenoloxidase (PPO) e peroxidase (POD), e análise de fatores de cor em amostras de caldo de cana in natura e processada foram realizadas. O pH do caldo in natura e processado variou entre 4,6 e 6,0, e entre 4,6 e 6,3, respectivamente. O número de reduções decimais na população de mesófilos, bolores e leveduras, bactérias láticas e coliformes variou entre 0,1 e 3,9; 2,1 e 4,1; 0,0 e 2,1 e 0,3 a 2,5, respectivamente. As porcentagens de redução de atividade de PPO variaram entre 3,51% e 64,18%. Relativamente à POD, obtiveram-se reduções entre 0,27% e 41,42%. As variações na cor entre as amostras in natura e processada oscilaram entre 2,0 e 12,3. Quanto à redução de mesófilos, bolores e leveduras e variação de sólidos solúveis, nenhuma das variáveis ou suas interações foram significativas. Em termos de redução da PPO, apenas t foi significativo; entretanto, T, t e a interação entre eles afetaram significativamente a redução da POD. Em relação à variação do pH, P e a interação entre T e t foram significativos. P, T, t e a interação entre T e t tiveram um efeito significativo na diferença total de cor (entre o caldo in natura e tratado). Concluiu-se que a aplicação combinada e otimizada de SC-CO2 com temperaturas brandas tem potencial para alcançar a estabilização microbiológica e enzimática do caldo de cana.
Title in English
Potential of supercritical carbon dioxide and mild temperature combinations in the microbiological and enzymic stabilization of sugarcane juice
Keywords in English
Emerging technologies
Factorial design
Hurdle technology
Non-alcoholic beverage
Abstract in English
Sugarcane juice is a nutritious and energetic drink and very popular in Brazil. For its processing, the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology as an intervention potentially capable of rendering a high quality product can be considered. This study evaluated the combined effect of SC-CO2 and mild temperatures, primarily aiming for the reduction of endogenous microorganisms and enzymes in sugarcane juice (pH~5.5). Pressures (P) ranging from 74 to 351 bar, temperatures (T) between 33 and 67 °C, and holding times (t) between 20 and 70 min were tested in a central composite rotational design. Seventeen trials were performed, comprising three replicates at the central points. Counts of aerobic mesophiles, molds and yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms at 45 °C, determination of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities, and measurement of color parameters in freshly extracted and processed juice´s samples were carried out. The pH of fresh and processed juice varied between 4.6 and 6.0, and between 4.6 and 6.3, respectively. The number of decimal reductions achieved in mesophiles, molds and yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms varied between 0.1 and 3.9, 2.1 and 4.1, 0.0 and 2.1, and 0.3 to 2.5, respectively. The percentages of PPO reduction ranged from 3.51% to 64.18%. Regarding the POD, reductions between 0.27% and 41.42% were obtained. Color variations between fresh and processed samples varied between 2.0 and 12.3. As for mesophiles, molds and yeasts reduction, and soluble solids variation, none of the variables or their interactions were significant. In terms of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) reduction, only t was significant; however, T, t, and the interaction between them significantly affected the peroxidase (POD) reduction. In regards to pH variation, P, and the interaction between T and t were significant. P, T, t, and the interaction between T and t played a significant effect on color. The combination of mild temperatures and SC-CO2 can be potentially used for cane juice preservation.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-02-20
 
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