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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.71.2018.tde-02052018-114455
Document
Author
Full name
Caroline Fernandes Caromano
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Murrieta, Rui Sergio Sereni (President)
Almeida, Marcia Bezerra de
Cabral, Mariana Petry
Neves, Eduardo Goes
Silva, Fabiola Andrea
Title in Portuguese
Botando lenha na fogueira: um estudo etnoarqueológico do fogo na Amazônia
Keywords in Portuguese
Arqueologia Amazônica
Arqueologia do Fogo
Asurini do Rio Xingu
Fogo como Cultura Material
Abstract in Portuguese
Evidências do uso do fogo são quase onipresentes em sítios arqueológicos. Embora ele seja um elemento tão comum, são raros os casos em que o fogo é o objeto de estudo principal das pesquisas. Tendo em vista essa contradição, esta tese apresenta o resultado de uma arqueologia do fogo realizada entre os Asurini do Xingu, grupo indígena amazônico que habita a Terra Indígena Koatinemo, localizada na região do médio curso do Rio Xingu, estado do Pará, Brasil. O objetivo da pesquisa de campo foi documentar aspectos técnicos e simbólicos do uso do fogo no cotidiano dos Asurini, identificando e classificando os tipos de estruturas de combustão e de emprego do fogo em diferentes áreas de atividade, das fogueiras e fornos às roças. As informações coletadas em campo foram analisadas com base na literatura sobre os Asurini e complementadas com análises de laboratório, comparando-se os dados de temperatura obtidos com termômetro infravermelho com análises de espectroscopia FTIR realizadas nos sedimentos de fogueiras e fornos. Além da observação e documentação de práticas de queima, foram também realizadas entrevistas com os Asurini sobre questões relativas ao uso do fogo, buscando entender seus papéis funcionais, sociais e simbólicos para este grupo. Por fim, a pesquisa teve a intenção de demonstrar como o entendimento do fogo como cultura material pode ampliar as possibilidades de sua investigação no presente, servindo também como uma fonte interpretativa do fogo no registro arqueológico.
Title in English
Adding Fuel to the Fire: An Ethnoarchaeological study of Fire in the Amazon
Keywords in English
Amazonian Archaeology
Archaeology of Fire
Asurini of the Xingu River
Fire as Material Culture
Abstract in English
Evidences of the use of fire are almost omnipresent in archaeological sites. Even though it is such a common element, there are few cases in which fire is the main study object of researches. With this contradiction in mind, this PhD dissertation presents the result of an archaeology of fire conducted amongst the Asurini of the Xingu River, an indigenous Amazonian group which inhabits the Koatinemo Indigenous Land, located in the region of the middle course of the Xingu River, state of Pará, Brazil. The objective of the field research was to document technical and symbolic aspects of fire use in the daily life of the Asurini, identifying and classifying types of combustion structure and the employment of fire in different activity areas, from hearths and ovens up to the planting fields. Information collected in the field was analyzed based on literature regarding the Asurini and complemented with laboratory analyses, comparing the temperature data obtained with infrared thermometer with analyses of FTIR spectroscopy conducted on hearth and oven sediments. Besides the observation and documentation of burning practices, interviews were also conducted with the Asurini on questions related to fire use, seeking to understand its functional, social and symbolic roles for this group. Lastly, the research had the intention of demonstrating how the understanding of fire as material culture can amplify the possibilities of its investigation in the present, also serving as an interpretative source of fire in the archaeological record.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-05-09
 
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