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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.60.2022.tde-25082023-092308
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriel Dessotti Barretto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Castro, Fabíola Attié de (President)
Cunha, Renato Luiz Guerino
Zanette, Dalila Lucíola
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação imunofenotípica dos precursores eritróides em neoplasias mieloproliferativas
Keywords in Portuguese
Diferenciação terminal eritróide
Imunofenotipagem
Mutação JAK2V617F
Neoplasias mieloproliferativas
Sorting celular
Abstract in Portuguese
Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas (NMP) são desordens hematológicas clonais caracterizadas pela proliferação exacerbada de células precursoras e maduras pertencentes à linhagem mieloide. Nestas doenças, a elevada proliferação e resistência à morte celular promove o acúmulo de células mieloides na medula óssea e no sangue periférico, alta viscosidade sanguínea e risco aumentado para a ocorrência de alterações cardiovasculares. A fisiopatologia das NMP está associada à presença de mutações genéticas iniciadoras nos genes Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), Calreticulina (CARL) e Receptor de trombopoetina (MPL), que estimulam a ativação constitutiva da via JAK2-STAT. Apesar dos conhecimentos sobre a fisiopatologia das NMP, os mecanismos celulares e moleculares associados ao aparecimento das mutações iniciadoras, fenótipo e à progressão da doença não foram totalmente elucidados. Além disso, permanece incógnita a maneira pela qual a ativação da via JAK-STAT é capaz de alterar o processo de eritropoese nas NMP. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho padronizou as técnicas de separação das subpopulações de precursores terminais eritróides, caracterizou o imunofenótipo e quantificou a frequência dos precursores eritróides terminais de pacientes com Policitemia Vera (PV), Trombocitemia Essencial (TE) e Mielofibrose Primária (MF). Foram estudados 18 aspirados de medulas ósseas de pacientes com PV (n=5), TE (n=4), MF (n=3) e de controles (n=6). As amostras de medula óssea foram marcadas com os anticorpos anti-glicoforina A, anti-band 3, anti-α4-integrina e anti-CD45, imunofenotipadas e os precursores eritróides isolados por meio de sorting celular para realização do cytospin. Foi estabelecido o protocolo de separação das subpopulações da diferenciação terminal eritróide e por meio dele foram obtidas as frequência das células eritróides terminais por citometria de fluxo. A pureza das subpopulações de progenitores eritróides foi avaliada por cytospin. Os resultados indicam que há alterações nas frequências de subpopulações de precursores terminais eritróides nas NMP. Foi observado aumento da subpopulação de pró-eritroblastos na PV e da subpopulação de eritroblastos ortocromáticos na TE. Na MF, não foi possível a quantificação dos precursores terminais eritróides. Estes achados sugerem a existência de alterações da dinâmica da eritropoese em pacientes com PV e TE.
Title in English
Immunophenotypic evaluation of erythroid precursors in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Keywords in English
Cell sorting
Erythroid terminal differentiation
Immunophenotyping
JAK2V617F mutation
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Abstract in English
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) are clonal hematological disorders characterized by exacerbated proliferation of myeloid precursor and mature cells. The elevated cell proliferation and resistance to cell death promote the accumulation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, high blood viscosity and increased risk for cardiovascular disorders. The pathophysiology of MPN is associated with the presence of driver mutations in the Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), Calreticulin (CARL) and Thrombopoietin Receptor (MPL) genes, which induce constitutive activation of the JAK2-STAT pathway. Despite all the knowledge about the MPN pathophysiology, the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with the onset of driver mutations, disease phenotype and progression have not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, the relation between the JAK-STAT pathway deregulated activation and erythropoiesis alteration remains unclear. Therefore, the present study described methodologies able to separate the subpopulations of terminal erythroid precursors, to characterize their immunophenotype and quantify the frequency of terminal erythroid precursors in patients with Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Primary Myelofibrosis (MF). Eighteen bone marrow aspirates from patients with PV (n=5), ET (n=4), MF (n=3) and controls (n=6) were studied. Bone marrow samples were labelled with anti-glycophorin A, anti-band 3, anti-α4-integrin and anti-CD45 antibodies, immunophenotyped, the erythroid precursors were isolated by cell sorting and analyzed by cytospin. The protocol for separating the subpopulations of terminal erythroid differentiation was established and the frequencies of terminal erythroid cells were obtained by flow cytometry. The purity of erythroid progenitor subpopulations was assessed by cytospin. The results indicated that there are changes in the frequencies of subpopulations of erythroid terminal precursors in MPN. In PV, there is an increase of pro-erythroblast subpopulation and in ET the augmentation of the subpopulation of orthochromatic erythroblasts was observed. In MF, was not possible to quantify the erythroid terminal precursors. These findings suggest the existence of changes in erythropoiesis dynamics in patients with PV and ET.
 
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Release Date
2024-08-18
Publishing Date
2023-09-18
 
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