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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.60.2022.tde-05102022-112652
Document
Author
Full name
Maiara Voltarelli Providello
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Albuquerque, Sérgio de (President)
Baqui, Munira Muhammad Abdel
Costa, Cássia Mariana Bronzon da
Antunes, Lusania Maria Greggi
Giorgio, Selma
Rosa, Joao Aristeu da
Title in Portuguese
Estudo sobre o efeito tripanocida e antioxidante do ácido ascórbico no tratamento da doença de Chagas experimental
Keywords in Portuguese
Ascórbico
Benznidazol
Doença de Chagas
Estresse oxidativo
Regimes drug-sparing
Trypanosoma cruzi
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença de Chagas afeta hoje, aproximadamente, sete milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Causada pelo protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), a patologia compreende os estágios agudo e crônico. As manifestações em órgãos-alvo, como coração e trato digestivo, são consequência da persistência parasitária nos tecidos deflagrando uma intensa resposta inflamatória com consequente aumento do estresse oxidativo. Atualmente, o tratamento se baseia no uso de dois compostos nitroheterocíclicos, benznidazol (BZ) e nifurtimox, estando apenas o primeiro disponível no Brasil. Estudos recentes demonstraram que o BZ reduz a carga parasitária, mas falha em, de fato, curar a infecção ou combater danos teciduais previamente instaurados. Com isso, a demanda por novas opções terapêuticas torna-se essencial e considerando as décadas em que o desenvolvimento de novas moléculas vêm falhando, a pesquisa com BZ em novos protocolos terapêuticos (regimes drug-sparing), associados ou não a outras substâncias, parece promissora. Nesse estudo, foi avaliado o papel tripanocida e antioxidante bem como os possíveis efeitos tóxicos de uma baixa dose de BZ (25mg/kg/dia) associada a duas doses de ácido ascórbico (aa =7,14 mg/kg/dia e AA=88,1 mg/kg/dia). Camundongos Swiss fêmeas e a cepa Y de T. cruzi foram usadas em modelos agudo e crônico de infecção. Os resultados demonstraram que, de modo geral, usar uma baixa dose de BZ pode reduzir alguns efeitos tóxicos da terapia e o tratamento combinado com o antioxidante trouxe melhorias em ambas as fases da doença, seja aumentando a atividade tripanocida ou melhorando o controle redox. Em especial durante a fase crônica, as terapias associadas promoveram também a redução nos títulos de anticorpos, o que pode indicar benefícios em longo prazo. Juntos, esses achados reforçam a necessidade de se explorar variações nos protocolos terapêuticos empregando BZ e que o ácido ascórbico poderia atuar como um adjuvante no tratamento da infecção chagásica, provendo melhorias nas fases aguda e crônica da doença.
Title in English
Study of the trypanocidal and antioxidant effects of ascorbic acid in the experimental Chagas disease treatment
Keywords in English
Ascorbic acid
Benznidazole
Chagas disease
Drug-sparing regimen
Oxidative stress
Trypanosoma cruzi
Abstract in English
Chagas disease affects approximately seven million people worldwide. The pathology is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) and comprises the acute and chronic stages. Manifestations in target organs, such as the heart and digestive tract, are a consequence of parasite persistence in tissues, triggering an intense inflammatory response and an increase in oxidative stress. The treatment is based on two nitroheterocyclic compounds, benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox, with only the first being available in Brazil. Recent studies have shown that BZ reduces the parasite load, but fails to cure the infection or reverse the established tissue damage. In this sense, the demand for new therapeutic options becomes essential, especially because there are some decades in which the development of new molecules has been failing and the research using BZ in new therapeutic protocols (drug-sparing regimens), associated or not with other substances, seems promising. In this study, the trypanocidal and antioxidant roles as well as the possible toxic effects of a low dose of BZ (25mg/kg/day) associated with two doses of ascorbic acid (aa = 7.14 mg/kg/day and AA= 88.1 mg/kg/day) were evaluated. Female Swiss mice and the Y strain of T.cruzi were used in acute and chronic models of infection. The results showed that a low dose of BZ can reduce some toxic effects of the therapy and the combined treatment with the antioxidant brought improvements in both stages of the Chagas disease, either by increasing trypanocidal activity or improving redox control. During the chronic phase, combined therapies also promoted a decrease in antibody titers, a data that may indicate long-term benefits. Taken together, these findings reinforce the need to explore alternatives in therapeutic protocols using BZ and ascorbic acid could act as an adjuvant in the treatment of T.cruzi infection, providing improvements in the acute and chronic phases of the disease.
 
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Release Date
2024-07-21
Publishing Date
2022-10-31
 
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