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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2021.tde-23032022-160852
Document
Author
Full name
Jackeline Maria Alves Perônico
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Viana, Ednilson (President)
Ferreira, Deusmaque Carneiro
Giatti, Leandro Luiz
Simões, André Felipe
Title in Portuguese
Crédito de logística reversa de embalagens pós-consumo: avaliação dos efeitos dos programas nas cooperativas de catadores no município de São Paulo - SP
Keywords in Portuguese
Acordo Setorial
Cooperativas de Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis
Crédito de Logística Reversa
Município de São Paulo
PNRS
Resíduos Sólidos
Abstract in Portuguese
A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, aprovada em 2010, tem como destaque a integração dos catadores de materiais recicláveis nas ações que envolvem a responsabilidade compartilhada pelo ciclo de vida dos produtos e a logística reversa. Com o estabelecimento de metas de reciclagem, definidos nos termos de compromisso e acordos setoriais de embalagens em geral, os fabricantes, importadores, distribuidores e comerciantes devem implementar o sistema de logística reversa para realizar e comprovar a redução de embalagens dispostas em aterros sanitários, o que corresponde ao acréscimo da taxa de recuperação (reciclagem) da fração seca. Como uma forma de apoio, surgem os programas de crédito de logística reversa destinados principalmente às organizações de catadores, propiciando a elas comercializar créditos dos resíduos recicláveis originários de notas fiscais de venda. Como contrapartida, variados investimentos são realizados por parte dos programas. Esta pesquisa buscou avaliar os efeitos sociais e econômicos desses programas em cooperativas de catadores no município de São Paulo. Para isso, elaborou-se um questionário abordando temas como o processo de parceria entre as cooperativas e programas de créditos de logística reversa, remuneração versus produção, segurança do trabalho, saúde, qualificação, formalização e impacto da pandemia de COVID-19. Realizaram-se entrevistas com as lideranças de 10 cooperativas de catadores previamente selecionadas. De modo geral, com base na análise dos dados, constatou-se que os efeitos causados pelos programas nas cooperativas de catadores foram tímidos. No entanto, houve efeitos positivos como o aumento da remuneração e melhorias nos processos ergonômicos. E efeitos negativos no que tange à quantidade de resíduos recicláveis comercializados mensalmente e na falta de investimento para contribuição da previdência social, falta de oferta para planos de saúde e de cursos profissionalizantes para os cooperados. Os resultados evidenciaram que tais programas necessitam de melhorias em diversos pontos e devem avançar no que se refere ao pagamento pelo serviço ambiental.
Title in English
Post-consumer packaging reverse logistics credit: evaluation of the effects of the programs on waste picker cooperatives in the city of São Paulo - SP
Keywords in English
Municipality of São Paulo
PNRS
Recyclable Material Collectors Cooperatives
Reverse Logistics Credit
Sector Agreement
Solid Waste
Abstract in English
The Brazilian National Policy on Solid Waste, approved in 2010, highlights the integration of waste pickers in actions that involve shared responsibility for the life cycle of products and reverse logistics. The establishment of recycling goals, defined in the terms of commitment and sectorial agreements for packaging in general, manufacturers, importers, distributors and traders must implement the reverse logistics system implement and prove the reduction of packaging disposed in sanitary landfills, the which corresponds to the increase in the recovery rate (recycling) of the dry fraction. As a form of support, reverse logistics credit programs arise, mainly aimed at waste picker organizations, enabling them to sell credits from recyclable waste originating from sales invoices and, in return, several investments are made by the programs. It is the social and economic effects of these programs on waste picker cooperatives in the city of São Paulo that this research sought to assess. For this, a survey was elaborated addressing topics such as the partnership process between cooperatives and reverse logistics credit programs, remuneration versus production, occupational health, health, education, legalization and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were carried out with the leaders of 10 previously selected waste picker cooperatives. In general, data analysis found that the effects that the reverse logistics credit programs had on waste picker cooperatives were small. However, there were positive effects such as increased compensation and improvements in ergonomic processes. Although negative effects on the amount of recyclable waste monthly sales, the lack of investment to contribute to social security, lack of offer for health plans and professional training courses for cooperative members. The results showed that such programs need improvement in several points and should advance in terms of payment for the environmental service.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-03-24
 
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