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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2003.tde-11082023-172808
Document
Author
Full name
Sueli Aparecida Moreira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2003
Supervisor
Committee
Tanaka, Ana Cristina D'Andretta (President)
Bresolin, Ana Maria Bara
Gallo, Paulo Rogério
Title in Portuguese
Alimentaçäo complementar na opiniäo de gestantes
Keywords in Portuguese
Aleitamento Materno
Alimentação Complementar
Alimentação Infantil
Alimentação no Primeiro Ano de Vida
Conhecimento de Gestantes
Desmame
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivos: A introdução de alimentação complementar adequada aos 6 meses preserva os benefícios do aleitamento materno exclusivo e assegura a continuidade do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Entretanto, a introdução de alimentos diferentes do leite materno antes dos 6 meses oferece riscos à saúde da criança, principalmente quando a escolha destes alimentos baseia-se no conhecimento empírico e apresenta poucos traços do conhecimento científico. Com o objetivo de apreender o conhecimento que as gestantes detêm sobre a alimentação complementar ou substituta do aleitamento materno, realizou-se o presente estudo. Métodos: Em estudo transversal, os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas individuais com 164 mulheres que freqüentaram a assistência pré-natal de Centros de Saúde da região Central de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados em formulário, contendo questões relacionadas à introdução de alimentos complementares. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se do programa epi-info versão 2002. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos do χ2 para verificar associação entre idade, escolaridade, paridade e intenção de amamentar durante mais tempo e de forma exclusiva e freqüência de desconhecimento de questões contidas no formulário deste estudo. Resultados: Somente 43,9% de mulheres pretendem amamentar de forma exclusiva até 6 meses. Um total de 71,3% de mulheres manifestaram a intenção de oferecer água e chá à criança em idade inferior aos 6 meses; 39,0% de mulheres pretendem oferecer leite de vaca ou fórmulas antes dos 6 meses. Um total de 44,5% de mulheres pretendem introduzir alimentos semi-sólidos (sopa e frutas) aos 6 meses. E 50% de mulheres pretendem liquefazer a sopa. Não foram obtidos resultados estatisticamente significantes entre a presença de escolaridade, idade e paridade e a intenção de amamentar durante mais tempo e exclusivamente. Também não há relevância estatística entre idade, escolaridade, paridade e a freqüência de respostas admitindo desconhecimento. Conclusão: O conhecimento de gestantes apresenta-se homogêneo. A alimentação complementar planejada por elas apresenta irregularidades em relação à idade da criança, diluição, consistência e teor nutricional. O conhecimento que as gestantes detém durante a assistência pré-natal baseia-se no empirismo, mantém fortes traços decorrentes da história econômica do pais; recebe influência da propaganda na valorização de marcas e embalagens de produtos substitutos do aleitamento materno; apresenta poucos traços do conhecimento científico que foi adquirido por ela sem distinção entre a necessidade do adulto e da criança.
Title in English
Complementary feeding in the pregnant women's opinion
Keywords in English
Breastfeeding
Complementary Feeding
Feeding For Babies at the First Year of their Lives
Infant Feeding
Weaning
Abstract in English
Objective. The introduction of a proper complementary feeding for babies at the age of 6 months have preserved the benefits of breastfeeding as an exclusive way to feed them and ensured the growth of the baby continuously. However, an inclusion of different feeds from breast milk before the aged of 6 months have offered some risks to the healthy of the baby, mainly when the choice of this feed have been based much more on empiric knowledge instead of scientific one. With the intention to know the pregnant women's opinion about complementary feeding, this study has been prepared. Methods. In a cross-section study, all the data were taken by individual interviews with 164 women who used to frequent The Healthy Center in São Paulo' s heartland. The data were taken through forms with questions associated to the introduction of complementary feed. To analyse those data, the software Epi-Info version 2002 have been used. There were applied to the women for statistics tests of χ2 to verify the association between age, degree, parity, intention to breastfeeding for a long time as an exclusive way and the frequency of lack of knowledge about questions in those forms related to this study. Results. Only 43,9 of the women have intended to breastfeed babies as an exclusive way to feed the baby until the age of 6 months. 71,3% of them have been willing to offer water or tea to babies at the age inferior of 6 months. 39,0% of the interviewees have had intention to offer milk or formulas to babies before the age of6 months. 44,5% of those women have intended to introduce semi-solid feed (soups and fruits) at the age of 6 months.And 50% of them have had serious intention to liquify soup. There was no significant results statistically between degree, age, parity and the intention of breastfeeding for a long time exclusively. Also, there were no relevant statistics between age, degree, parity and the frequency of answers admitting lack of knowledge. Conclusion. The pregnant women have shown acquaintance with the matter in a smooth way. The complementary feeding planned by them have had irregularities as to the age of the baby, dilution, consistency and nutritional drift. The knowledge that they have had in the course of the pregnancy have been based on empiricism, that keep aspects from economical history of the country; moreover have received influences from advertisements which appreciate trademarks and packets of products that substitute breastfeeding; it also have shown that pregnant women have acquired a few aspects of scientific knowledge without distinction of the neçessity between adults and babies.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-08-11
 
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