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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2004.tde-29032023-154523
Document
Author
Full name
Elayne de Fatima Maçãira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Algranti, Eduardo (President)
Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves
Solé, Dirceu
Title in Portuguese
Morbidade respiratória em trabalhadores em limpeza interna da região metropolitana de São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
Asma
Asma Ocupacional
Dissertações Acadêmicas
Estudos de Prevalências
Rinite
Rinite Ocupacional
Saúde do Trabalhador
Saúde Pública
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo. Estimar a prevalência de sintomas de vias aéreas e atopia, identificando (atores de risco, em limpadores na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Métodos. Foram entrevistados 341 limpadores utilizando-se questionários de sintomas respiratórios dos British Medical Research Council (MRC 1976) e Intemational Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) e questionário ocupacional. Realizaram-se também testes cutâneos imediatos e espirometria. Resultados. Observaram-se prevalências de 11%, 35%, 3% e 57% para asma, rinite, bronquite crônica e atopia, respectivamente. As mulheres apresentaram maior tempo de exposição (5,6 ± 5,5 anos versus 2,9 ± 3,8 anos, p < 0,0001) e maior prevalência de acidentes. inalatórios (13% versus 4%, p = 0,016). Atopia foi associada a asma e rinite (OR = 2,39; IC95%: 1,15-5,35; OR = 1,88; IC95%: 1,18-3,05, respectivamente). Tabagismo foi um risco significativo para asma (OR = 2,94; IC95%: 1,36-6,39). Mulheres apresentaram maior risco para rinite (OR = 5,61; IC95%: 1,87-17,89). O tempo de exposição foi um fator de risco significativo para asma e/ou rinite ocupacionais (OR = 1,29; IC95%: 1,01-1,65). Aproximadamente 56% dos limpadores referiram sintomas respiratórios relacionados ao trabalho com água sanitária/cloro, poeira, ácidos, detergente amoniacal, entre outros. Conclusões. As exposições de risco respiratório em atividade de limpeza são heterogêneas, com predomínio de exposição a irritantes. Mulheres apresentaram maior risco de rinite e houve associação significativa do tempo de exposição com desfecho de asma e/ou rinite ocupacionais. Recomendam-se esforços para melhoria da rotulagem e Ficha de Informação de Segurança de Produtos Químicos (FISPQ), conscientização dos trabalhadores sobre os riscos à sua saúde e a inclusão da rinite como marcador precoce no diagnóstico de asma.
Title in English
Respiratory morbidity in indoor cleaning workers from São Paulo City's Metropolitan Area
Keywords in English
Academic
Asthma
Dissertations
Occupational Asthma
Occupational Rhinitis
Prevalence Studies
Public Health
Rhinitis
Worker's Health
Abstract in English
Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of airways symptoms and atopy, and to identify risks factors in c1eaners from São Paulo City's Metropolitan Area. Methods. Respiratory symptoms and occupational exposures from 341 cleaners were assessed using British Medical Research Council (MRC 1976), International Studies of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and occupational questionnaires by interview. Immediate skin tests and baseline spirometry were assessed additionally. Results. The prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, chronic bronchitis and atopy were 11%, 35%, 3% and 57%, respectively. Women had highest exposure duration (5.6 ± 5.5 years versus 2.9 ± 3.8years, p < 0.0001) and highest prevalence of inhalation accidents (13% versus. 4%, p = 0.016). Atopy was associated with asthma and rhinitis (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.15-5.35; OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.18-3.05, respectively). Smoking was a significant risk for asthma (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.36-6.39). Women showed highest risk for rhinitis (OR = 5.61, 95% CI: 1.87- 17.89). Exposure duration was a significant risk factor for occupational asthma and/or rhinitis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01-1.65). Approximately 56% of the cleaners reported work related symptoms with bleach/ch1orine, dust, acids, ammonium detergents, and others. Conclusions. Respiratory exposures in cleaning activities are heterogeneous with irritant agents predominancy. Women showed highest risk for rhinitis and there was a significant association of duration of exposure with occupational asthma and/or rhinitis. We recommend efforts to improve warning labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs), workers awareness about workplace health risks and take into account rhinitis as an early marker for asthma.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-03-29
 
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