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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2005.tde-29072022-132521
Document
Author
Full name
Carla Carolina Batista Machado
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Bastos, Deborah Helena Markowicz (President)
Janzantti, Natalia Soares
Pinto e Silva, Maria Elisabeth Machado
Title in Portuguese
Compostos voláteis de bebidas à base de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) e a relação com o aroma e o sabor
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise Sensorial
Aroma
Compostos Voláteis
Erva-mate
Ilex paraguariensis
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução. As bebidas à base de erva-mate contêm compostos bioativos que podem auxiliar na manutenção da saúde. Objetivos. Caracterizar sensorialmente o aroma e o sabor de bebidas à base de erva-mate (chá-mate e chimarrão); e identificar compostos voláteis presentes nestas bebidas. Métodos. O isolamento dos voláteis foi efetuado por "headspace dinâmico" e hidrodestilação. Cromatografia gasosa/DlC e cromatografia gasosa / espectrometria de massas e índice de kovats foram usados para separar e identificar os voláteis. Provadores selecionados e treinados realizaram a análise sensorial. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, teste de Tukey (p≤0,05) e Análise dos Componentes Principais. Resultados. O chimarrão apresentou maior intensidade nos atributos de sabor (amargo, adstringente e residual) e aroma característico de chimarrão e o chá-mate nos atributos aroma (característico de chá-mate e adocicado). As bebidas diferiram significativamente (p≤0,05) entre si para os atributos julgados. Os compostos voláteis majoritários identificados em chá mate foram: isômero do 2,4heptadienal (13%), 5-metilfurfural (9%), 2,4hepatdienal (8%), z-óxido de linalool (5%), t-óxido de linalool (5%). No chimarrão foram identificados: linalool (57%), α-terpineol (12%) e acetato de dihidrocaveol (7%). A presença do 5-metilfurfural, dos óxidos de linalool e da t-β-damascenona em chá-mate parecem ter importância na descrição sensorial , enquanto o -terpineol e o linalool, presentes no chimarrão, respondem pela sua descrição sensorial. Conclusões. As bebidas à base de erva-mate apresentaram características sensoriais distintas entre si. A torrefação da erva produz modificações importantes nos compostos voláteis, os quais determinarão a sua qualidade sensorial.
Title in English
Volatile compounds of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) beverages and the relation with their aroma and flavor
Keywords in English
Aroma
Ilex paraguariensis
Sensory Analysis
Volatile Compounds
Yerba Mate
Abstract in English
Introduction. Yerba mate beverages have bioactive compounds that can help the maintenance of human health. Objective. Characterize flavor and aroma of yerba mate beverages (mate tea and "chimarrão") and identify volatile compounds presents in these beverages. Methods. Dynamic headspace and hydrodestilation were used to isolate yerba mate volatiles. High-resolution gas chromatography, masss spectrometry and kovats index were used to separate and identify those compounds. Trained panelists evaluated the sensory attributes of yerba mate infusions. Analysis of variance was applied to each descriptor considering assessors and beverages. Means were compared using Tukey test (p≤0,05). Averages over assessors were used to perform principal component analysis. Results. "Chimarrão" showed higher intensity on the flavor attributes (bitter, astringent and residual) and chimarrão like aroma. Mate tea showed higher intensity on the aroma attributes (mate tea like and sweet). The statistic showed differences (p≤0,05) between samples for all descriptors. The majority volatile compounds identified in mate tea were: 2,4-heptadienal isomer (13%), 5- methylfurfural (9%), 2,4-heptadienal (8%), (Z) linalool oxide (5%), (t) linalool oxide (5%) and in chimarrão were: linalool (57%), α-terpineol (12%), and dihydrocarveol acetate (7%). The presence of 5-methylfurfural, linalool oxides and t-β-damascenone in mate tea can contribute for its sensorial description. Linalool and -terpineol founded in "chimarrão" can be responsible for its sensorial description. Conclusions. The two yerba mate beverages evaluated showed differences in sensory characteristics. The heating-drying manufacturing process can make important alterations in the volatile compounds, which will determine their sensorial quality.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-07-29
 
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