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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2003.tde-10102023-192448
Document
Author
Full name
Andrea Carvalheiro Guerra Matias
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2003
Supervisor
Committee
Arêas, José Alfredo Gomes (President)
Cavalheiro, Ligia Araujo Martini
Menezes, Elizabete Wenzel de
Title in Portuguese
Digestibilidade in vitro e resposta glicêmica de snacks de amaranto (Amaranthus cruentus L.)
Keywords in Portuguese
Amaranthus
Digestão
Lanches
Abstract in Portuguese
O consumo de snacks (salgadinhos) está bastante difundido no Brasil, porém os snacks comerciais apresentam reduzido valor nutricional. A partir do grão de amaranto, espécie andina aclamada por suas propriedades nutricionais e funcionais, foi desenvolvido, através de extrusão termoplástica, snack que se destacou por apresentar perfil de aminoácidos balanceado, alta biodisponibildade de minerais e contribuição na redução de hipercolesterolemia em coelhos. O grão de amaranto vem se popularizando entre pacientes celíacos, uma vez que não promove reação alérgica à mucosa destes indivíduos. Há uma forte correlação entre o Diabetes Mellitus e a Doença Celíaca, com alta prevalência de celíacos entre diabéticos e vice-versa. Considerando que a velocidade de digestão e absorção do amido dos alimentos influencia diretamente no incremento glicêmico, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o comportamento glicêmico do snack de amaranto por meio da verificação das respostas glicêmicas e insulinêmicas de indivíduos saudáveis, e através de digestão enzimática controlada in vitro. Tanto os ensaios in vivo com in vitro demonstraram que o snack de amaranto apresenta alta digestibilidade com rápido incremento das curvas glicêmicas, insulinêmicas, e de hidrólise enzimática. Sendo obtidos 107 e 103 para os Índices glicêmico e de Hidrólise. Provavelmente o principal responsável pelo perfil de digestão observado foi o processamento sofrido pelo grão de amaranto durante sua produção, caracterizada por pré moagem e posterior gelatinização do amido imposta pelo processo de extrusão termoplástica. Sugere-se que estes procedimentos promoveram drástica ruptura e exposição do conteúdo amilláceo ao ataque enzimático, e que a reorganização cristalina da fração amido no snack de amaranto apresentou baixa resistência à hidrólise. Considerando a capacidade glicêmica do snack de amaranto, o seu consumo deve ser controlado quando estiver inserido dentro de um programa alimentar para celíacos.
Title in English
Digestibility in vitro the glycemic behaviour of the amaranth snack
Keywords in English
Amaranthus
Digestion
Snacks
Abstract in English
The consumption of snacks is usual in Brazil and developed countries. However, commercial snacks have low nutritive values. Amaranth grain, a staple crop from Andes recognized for its nutritional and functional properties, was used to produce a snack read to eat, through extrusion cooking. This product has potencial for human consuption because shows an adequate amino acid profile, high bioavaibility of minerals and cholesterol-Iowering effects in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. The amaranth grain has become popular among celiac people, since it does not promotes allergic reactions to intestinal mucosa of these patients. It has been observed a high prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among Celiac patients and vice-versa. The digestion and absorption rate of starch from foods directly influence the rise of glycemic levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the glycemic behaviour of the amaranth snack verifying its glycemic and insulinemic responses in healthy subjects, and evaluating its enzimatic digestion in vitro. In the present study, the amaranth snack presented a high in vivo digestibility with fast increase of glycemic and insulinemic responses, and a high in vitro digestibility. The glycemic and hydrolysis indexes were 107 and 103, respectively. Probably the digestion profile observed in the amaranth snack was due to the process suffered by the amaranth grain: milling and later gelatinization promoted by extrusion cooking. The results indicate that these proceedings promoted drastic rupture and exposure of amaranth grain starch content. As consequence the reorganization of the starch tration in the amaranth snack showed low hydrolysis resistance, that improves the enzimatic attack. Considering the nutritional qualities of amaranth snack it is not recomendedto avoid it on diet. However, its consumption, mainly by diabetics patients, shouldbe rigorously assessed in a dietetic program, where the total diet favours the glycemic control.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-10-10
 
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