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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2004.tde-10042023-171542
Document
Author
Full name
Camila Varella Pires
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Souza, Sonia Buongermino de (President)
Martins, Ignez Salas
Motta, Denise Giacomo da
Title in Portuguese
Perfil sócio-econômico e antropométrico de adultos e idosos com Diabetes Mellitus recém-diagnosticado após campanha de rastreamento
Keywords in Portuguese
Antropometria
Diabetes Mellitus
Fatores Socioeconômicos
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo: Identificar e avaliar o perfil sócio-econômico e antropométrico de adultos e idosos, com diagnóstico recente de diabetes mellitus a partir da Campanha Nacional de Casos Suspeitos de Diabetes no município de Piracicaba-SP. Método: Para a realização deste estudo foram analisadas as fichas, da Campanha Nacional de Detecção de Casos Suspeitos de Diabetes, de indivíduos com glicemia capilar ≥140 mg/dl (fase 1) e realizadas entrevistas individuais com pessoas com glicemia capilar ≥200 mg/dl (fase 2). Foram abordados aspectos socioeconômicos e culturais (gênero, idade, tratamento de HA, classificação sócio-econômica, escolaridade, hábitos etilistas e tabagistas, e atividade física), antropométricos (IMC, circunferência de cintura, porcentagem de gordura corporal) e bioquímicas (pressão arterial, glicemia capilar ao acaso e glicemia de jejum). Resultados: Foram estudados, na fase 1, 1593 indivíduos sendo 50,2% mulheres e 57,2% adultos. A glicemia capilar média foi de 194,9 mg/dl (DP=49,9), e 34,2% dos homens e 37,1% das mulheres apresentaram PA elevada. Após um ano da realização da campanha apenas 8% dos indivíduos haviam realizado exame de glicemia de jejum. Se excluirmos aqueles com glicemia capilar ≥200 mg/dl, essa porcentagem cai para 1,6%. Dos indivíduos estudados na fase 2, 25% realizaram glicemia de jejum no ano posterior à Campanha. Na fase 2 foram estudados 205 indivíduos, o que representa 46,9% da população inicial de estudo, sendo que as mulheres representaram 64,9%. Pertencem a classes C/D/E, com baixo nível de escolaridade e foram classificados ativos quanto à atividade física. Os indivíduos com inadequação da % de gordura corporal apresentaram valores mais elevados de glicemia capilar (p<0,05), devido à resistência periférica à insulina. Somente 27% dos indivíduos adultos apresentaram medidas de circunferência de cintura indicando risco normal de doenças cardiovasculares e 93% apresentaram obesidade segundo a % de gordura corporal, sendo o IMC médio de 30,4 kg/m2 (DP=5,9). Os idosos apresentaram-se em 68% dos casos obesos (segundo a % de gordura corporal) e 18% apresentaram risco normal para doenças cardiovasculares. Em ambas as classificações etárias as mulheres apresentaram-se significantemente mais obesas (p<0,00). Conclusões: A população recém-diagnosticada apresenta claramente os fatores de risco para o DM, reforçando a necessidade de ações preventivas que poderia protelar o diagnóstico. Assim, ressalta-se a necessidade de campanhas de prevenção associadas à de diagnóstico precoce, aumentando sua eficiência quanto à prevenção primária de doenças crônicas como o DM. Deve-se intensificar a captura dos indivíduos quando realizadas campanhas, uma vez que foi encontrado um percentual muito pequeno de suspeitos que foram incorporados à rede após um ano da campanha sem busca ativa.
Title in English
Antropometric and socioeconomic profile of adults and aged individuals just diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for the screening campaign
Keywords in English
Anthropometry
Diabetes Mellitus
Socioeconomic Factors
Abstract in English
Objective: The objective of the study was to identify and evaluate the social-economic and antropometric profile of adults and aged individuals that was just diagnosed with diabetes mellitus from the National Campaign for individual with high risk of Diabetes in the city of Piracicaba-SP. Method: For the accomplishment of this study the files had been analyzed of individuals with glicemia ≥140 mg/dl (phase 1) and had been done individual interviews with people with glicemia ≥200 mg/dl (phase 2). They had been asked about socioeconomics and cultural aspects (sex, age, presence and/or treatment of hypertension, socioeconomic level, elitist and smoking habits, educational level, and physical activity), antropometrics measures (BMI, waist circumference, body composition) and biochemists (arterial pressure, capillary glicemia and fasting glicemia). Results: It had been analyzed, in phase 1, 1593 individuals in which 50,2% were women and 57.2% were adults. The average ofthe glicemia was 194,9 mg/dl (DP=49,9), and 34.2% of men and 37.1% of the women had presented high blood pressure. After one year of the accomplishment of campaign only 8% of the individuals had carried through examination of fasting glicemia. If we exclude those individuals with glicemia ≥200 mg/dl, this percentage decrease to 1,6%. Some individuals studied in phase 2 (25%) had carried through fasting glicemia in the year after the Campaign. In phase 2, 205 individuals had been studied and it represents 46.9% of the initial population of study, in which 64,9% were women, and socioeconomic levels around C/D/E, with low educational level and active. Individuals with high percentage of fat mass had presented higher values of glicemia (p<0,05), due to peripheral insulin resistance. Only 27% of the adults had presented measured of waist circumference indicating normal risk of cardiovascular illnesses and 93% had presented obesity according to the % fat mass and the average of BMI was 30,4 kg/m2 (DP=5,9). The aged individuals had presented 68% of obesity (according to % fat mass) and 18% presented normal risk for cardiovascular illnesses. Women had been presented significantly (p<0,00) overweight in both ages. Conclusions: The population of phase 2 was different from the one in phase 1, mainly for the difference in the frequency of the sex, since the men did not keep its frequency for the diagnosis and treatment in the health services. The just diagnosed population had already presented the risk factors for DM, showing the necessity of actions to preventing diabetes and/or postpone its diagnosis. Thus, prevention campaigns and precocious diagnosis at the public health is necessary to increase its efficiency as long as the primary prevention of chronic illnesses as the DM.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-04-10
 
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