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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2017.tde-29082017-145557
Document
Author
Full name
Filipe Gabriel Menezes Pancetti
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Camara, Tamara Nunes de Lima (President)
Marques, Gisela Rita de Alvarenga Monteiro
Natal, Delsio
Paula, Marcia Bicudo de
Title in Portuguese
Análise da atividade locomotora de Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) do Parque Municipal do Piqueri São Paulo, SP
Keywords in Portuguese
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Atividade Locomotora
Inseminação
Vetores
Abstract in Portuguese
O estudo de mosquitos é extremamente importante, pois muitos são considerados vetores de diversos patógenos transmissíveis ao homem. Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus são responsáveis por transmitir arbovírus, como os da dengue, chikungunya, zika e febre amarela urbana, no mundo. Neste trabalho foram empregados Ae. aegypti e Ae. albopictus para: analisar a atividade locomotora de machos, fêmeas virgens e fêmeas inseminadas naturalmente; comparar a atividade locomotora de fêmeas injetadas intratoracicamente com extrato de glândulas acessórias (AG) de machos co e heteroespecíficos; e verificar a taxa de inseminação de fêmeas injetadas com glândulas acessórias de machos co e heteroespecíficos, quando são posteriormente expostas a seus machos coespecíficos. Os mosquitos foram coletados em ovitrampas instaladas no Parque Municipal do Piqueri, Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo, durante o outono e a primavera de 2015 e outono de 2016. Após a emergência dos adultos, estes foram transferidos para quatro gaiolas matrizes separadas por espécie e sexo, dos quais obtivemos machos e fêmeas virgens de cada espécie. Em outras duas gaiolas foram agrupadas por espécie, 40 fêmeas e 40 machos para cópula por 24 horas para obtermos fêmeas inseminadas naturalmente. Posteriormente, todos os mosquitos foram transferidos para uma incubadora por quatro dias para análise da atividade locomotora. Na comparação de fêmeas injetadas com glândulas acessórias, foram extraídas as glândulas de machos de Ae. aegypti e Ae. albopictus e estas injetadas intratoracicamente em fêmeas co e heteroespecíficas. Todas as fêmeas injetadas foram transferidas para uma incubadora por três dias. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados os testes estatísticos F e T e ANOVA. Após a atividade locomotora, as fêmeas injetadas foram expostas a seus machos coespecíficos e posteriormente tiveram suas espermatecas dissecadas para verificar a presença de espermatozoides a fim de analisar a taxa de inseminação. Nos machos, fêmeas virgens e fêmeas inseminadas naturalmente de Ae. aegypti e Ae. albopictus, o padrão da atividade locomotora foi diurno e bimodal no outono e na primavera. Em Ae. aegypti machos a atividade foi mais evidente no outono e em Ae. albopictus na primavera. Nas fêmeas de Ae. aegypti virgens a atividade foi mais evidente que nas inseminadas naturalmente em ambas as estações. Nas fêmeas de Ae. albopictus não houve diferença na atividade das virgens e inseminadas. Nas fêmeas de Ae. aegypti injetadas com AG a atividade locomotora foi diurna, com padrão unimodal e menos marcada. Nas fêmeas de Ae. albopictus injetadas com AG não houve diferença. Na taxa de inseminação, somente Ae. albopictus fêmeas injetadas com AG heteroespecíficas apresentaram espermatozoides após cópula coespecífica. Este estudo contribui para compreensão do comportamento de mosquitos vetores como Ae. aegypti e Ae. albopictus
Title in English
Analysis of the locomotor activity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Piqueri Municipal Park São Paulo, SP
Keywords in English
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Insemination
Locomotor Activity
Vectors
Abstract in English
The study of mosquitoes is extremely important, since many are considered vectors of several pathogens transmissible to man. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are responsible for transmitting arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya, zika and urban yellow fever, in the world. This study employed Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to: analyze the locomotor activity of males, virgin females and females naturally inseminated; compare the locomotor activity of females injected intratoracically with extract of accessory glands (AG) of co and heterospecific males; and verify the rate of insemination of females injected with accessory glands of co and heterospecific males when later exposed to their co-specific males. The mosquitoes were collected in ovitraps installed in Piqueri Municipal Park, East of São Paulo city, during the autumn and spring of 2015 and autumn of 2016. After the emergence of adults, they were transferred to four cages, separated by species and sex from which we obtained virgin males and females of each species. In the other two cages, they were grouped by species, 40 females and 40 males for mating during 24 hours to obtain naturally inseminated females. Thereafter, all the mosquitoes were transferred to an incubator for four days to the locomotor activity analysis. In the comparison of females injected with accessory glands, the male glands of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were extracted and injected intratoracically into co and heterospecific females. All injected females were transferred to an incubator for three days. For the analysis, the statistical tests F and T and ANOVA were used. After the locomotor activity, the injected females were exposed to their co-specific males and later had their spermathecas dissected to verify the presence of spermatozoa in order to analyze the insemination rate. In males, virgin and naturally inseminated females of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, the pattern of locomotor activity was diurnal and bimodal in autumn and spring. Aedes aegypti males activity was more evident in autumn and in Ae. albopictus in spring. In virgin females of Ae. aegypti the activity was more evident than in the naturally inseminated in both seasons. In females of Ae. albopictus, there was no difference in the activity of virgin and inseminated. In females of Ae. aegypti injected with AG the locomotor activity was diurnal, with a unimodal and less marked pattern. In the females of Ae. albopictus injected with AG there was no difference. In the insemination rate, only Ae. albopictus females injected with heterospecific AGs presented spermatozoa after coespecific mating. This study contributes to the understanding of mosquito vectors behavior such as Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus
 
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Publishing Date
2017-11-28
 
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