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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2006.tde-26092022-133048
Document
Author
Full name
Karen Tokuhashi Ribeiro
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Gotlieb, Sabina Léa Davidson (President)
Mello Jorge, Maria Helena Prado de
Vianna, Lucila Amaral Carneiro
Title in Portuguese
Tendência da mortalidade em mulheres de 10 a 49 anos no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
Mortalidade
Morte Materna
Mulheres em Idade Fértil
Tendência
Abstract in Portuguese
Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, em série histórica, utilizando dados secundários. Objetivo: Descrever a tendência da mortalidade em mulheres de 10 a 49 anos no Brasil, entre 1980 e 2000, observando os anos censitários e as variáveis epidemiológicas disponíveis nas estatísticas oficiais. Métodos: Populações de estudo: a) óbitos de mulheres de 10 a 49 anos residentes no Brasil e ocorridos nos triênios 1979/1981, 1990/1992 e 1999/2001; e b) mulheres de 10 a 49 anos, residentes no Brasil, em 1979/1981, 1990/1992 e 1999/2001. Variáveis estudadas: faixa etária, local de residência, triênio e causa básica da morte. Para a comparação temporal e espacial foi efetuada a padronização dos coeficientes. Resultados: Os óbitos de mulheres em idade fértil (MIF) representaram 16,7% do total de óbitos femininos no Brasil, com tendência de queda e o coeficiente geral decresceu, em média, 28% no Brasil e regiões. A estimativa do risco de uma mulher em idade fértil morrer foi maior no Sudeste e menor no Sul e Nordeste. As doenças do aparelho circulatório foram a 1ª causa de morte em MIF, entre elas, as doenças cerebrovasculares e as isquêmicas do coração foram as mais importantes e decresceram no tempo, exceto no Norte e Nordeste. Neoplasias reduziram-se em 3% no Brasil; as únicas regiões que passaram por aumento no tempo foram Nordeste e Centro-Oeste. Câncer de mama foi o mais importante sítio do tumor nas regiões, exceto no Norte, onde predominou a mortalidade por câncer de colo uterino. Neoplasias de mama e pulmão apresentaram tendência de aumento em todo o país, enquanto de estômago e colo uterino apresentaram tendência de queda. A Região Sul foi a única a apresentar aumento nas mortes por neoplasia de colo uterino. Os homicídios aumentaram em 82% no Brasil, enquanto as mortes por acidentes de trânsito diminuíram no país, exceto no Sul e Centro-Oeste. Suicídios aumentaram no Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste. A queda na mortalidade por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias foi afetada pelo surgimento da aids, responsável por metade desses óbitos, no Brasil, ocorrendo, principalmente, entre 30 e 34 anos. A razão de mortalidade materna variou de 92,4 para 53,5 óbitos por cem mil nascidos vivos. Ocorreu diminuição das causas obstétricas diretas e aumento das indiretas, condizente com uma melhor assistência. Diabetes Mellitus apresentou tendência de aumento no tempo. Considerações Finais: As causas maternas e as mortes com tendência de crescimento são, na sua grande maioria, evitáveis; merecem, portanto, ação das autoridades para que as condições de saúde, no país, sejam compatíveis com áreas onde o direito à saúde e à dignidade são preservados.
Title in English
Mortality trends at women of 10 the 49 years in Brazil
Keywords in English
Maternal Death
Mortality
Tendency
Women at the Reproductive Age
Abstract in English
This is a descriptive and temporal series study, using secondary data. Objective: to describe the tendency ofthe mortality ofwomen 10 to 49 years, in Brazil, from 1980 to 2000, taking in account the three last census years and the available epidemiologic variables present in the National official statistics. Methods: populations of study were: a) deaths ofwomen ages 10 to 49 years old, Brazilian residents, occurred in the periods 1979/1981, 1990/1992 and 1999/2001 and b) women 10 to 49 years old, Brazilian residents at the sarne periods. The variables were: age, city, and the underlying cause of death. ln order to adequately compare historically and geographically, standardized coefficients were estimated. Results: the mortality of women at the reproductive ages represented 16.7% of total Brazilian female deaths, tending to fall. The global coefficient decreased 28% in average in Brazil and regions. The risk estimative to die by any cause was higher in the Southeast Region and lower in the South and Northeast Regions. Circulatory disease was the first cause of death in women at reproductive ages. Cerebrovascular disease and Ischemic hearth disease were the most important causes and also declined during the time, except in North and Northeast Regions. Cancer mortality was reduced in 3% in Brazil, but in Northeast and Middle West Regions, there was a growing rate. Breast cancer was the main site of the tumor in all regions, except in the North, where uterine cervix cancer was in the top. Breast and lung cancer rates presented a raise tendency in the country, while stomach and uterine cervix cancer presented a declined trend. South Region was the only one to show raise of the death rate of the cancer of cervix of the uterus. Homicides raised 82% in Brazil. Mortality by traffic accidents fell down in the country, except in South and Middle-West Regions. Suicides raised in the North, Northeast, and Middle West. The falling mortality by infectious disease had a change when aids was coded in this chapter, after 1995. The aids deaths were responsible for half ofthese deaths. The most affected age was from 30 to 34 years. Maternal Mortality Ratio changed from 92,42 to 53,47 deaths per 100.000 live bom. Final Comments: Observing that Brazilian rates of mortality by some causes are increasing and also that maternal mortality ratio is still very high, being many of them avoidable causes of death, it is important that health authorities have in mind the necessity to take actions that will conduct to better conditions, as well as in countries were the right to health and dignity are preserved.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-09-26
 
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