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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2008.tde-24092008-133834
Document
Author
Full name
Andre Barretto Bruno Wilke
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Marrelli, Mauro Toledo (President)
Guimaraes, Margareth de Lara Capurro
Natal, Delsio
Title in Portuguese
Controle genético de mosquitos Culex quinquefasciatus
Keywords in Portuguese
Controle
Culex quinquefasciatus
RIDL
Transgênicos
Abstract in Portuguese
O mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus é considerado praga urbana e tem a capacidade de se desenvolver em águas altamente poluídas atingindo elevada densidade. Mosquitos desta espécie possuem importância vetorial na transmissão de parasitas e arboviroses. Medidas de controle químico têm se mostrado ineficazes, além de serem altamente prejudiciais ao meio ambiente. Desse modo, novas tecnologias de controle foram desenvolvidas, entre elas o SIT (Sterile Insect Technique) que utiliza radiação para esterilizar machos e liberá-los no ambiente para copular com fêmeas selvagens. Posteriormente métodos genéticos baseados nessa técnica têm sido propostos. O sistema RIDL (Liberação de Insetos Carregando Gene Letal Dominante), consiste na integração de um gene letal dominante associado a um promotor específico de fêmea, dispensando a etapa de esterilização por radiação. Nesse processo os insetos recebem dieta suplementada com um repressor químico. A expressão do gene letal dominante é mantida desligada enquanto este repressor é adicionado ao meio das larvas. Para as amostras que estariam sendo preparadas para liberação, o repressor é retirado, e o gene letal dominante é ativado, causando a morte de todas as fêmeas, restando apenas machos para liberação. Os machos homozigotos para o gene letal seriam liberados para copular com fêmeas selvagens. A progênie seria heterozigota para o gene letal, porém somente os machos sobreviveriam. Parte crucial para o sucesso deste projeto foi a adaptação do método de microinjeção de embriões para a espécie Culex quinquefasciatus tornando possível a injeção dos transgenes LA513, LA882 e LA3653 com o objetivo de obtermos linhagens transgênicas. A obtenção de linhagens transgênicas com estas construções se mostraram mais laboriosa do que o previsto, dificultando a transgenia. Porém, as aplicações práticas em controle de vetores utilizando a técnica do RIDL são imensas e pode se tornar uma importante ferramenta do Manejo Integrado de vetores.
Title in English
Genetic control of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes
Keywords in English
Control
Culex quinquefasciatus
RIDL
Transgenics
Abstract in English
The Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are considered urban plague and are able to grown in polluted water achieving high density. This specie are important vectors in the transmission of parasites and arbovirus. Chemical control methods shown to be ineffective and highly hazards to the environment. In this way, new technologies of control have been developed, among them there is SIT (Sterile Insect Technique) that utilizes radiation to sterilize males and then release in the environment to mate with wild females. New genetic methods are been proposed based on the SIT technique, they relies on the integration of a dominant lethal gene associated to a specific promoter of female avoiding the need for radiation (RIDL). In this process the insects receive diet supplemented with a chemical repressor (tetracycline). The expression of the dominant lethal gene is kept off while this repressor is added to the larvae. For the samples that would be being prepared for release, the repressor is removed, and the dominant lethal gene is activated, causing the death of all the females, and consequently only leaving male for release. The homozygous males for the lethal gene would be set free to mate with the wild females. The lineages would be heterozygous for the lethal gene and only males would survive. Since that, the capacity of mating of the transgenic males produced by method RDIL is an important prerequisite for the success of the program. It was crucial to achieve the objectives of this project adapt the microinjection method to Culex quinquefasciatus, so it became possible inject the LA513, LA882 and LA3653 plasmids seeking for the transgenic transformation. The obtaining of the transgenic mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus seems to be more difficult then expected and its development was harmed. The practical applications using RIDL in vector control is huge and can become a useful tool in the Integrated Management of vectors.
 
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AndreWilke.pdf (1.24 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2008-10-01
 
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