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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.59.2023.tde-22052023-144844
Document
Author
Full name
Felipe Henrique Canaval Gomes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Furlan, Reinaldo (President)
Silva, Claudinei Aparecido de Freitas da
Fabri, Marcelo
Ponzilacqua, Marcio Henrique Pereira
Title in Portuguese
Um self secular: a "morte de Deus" segundo Charles Taylor
Keywords in Portuguese
Charles Taylor
Experiência religiosa
Filosofia da psicologia
História da psicologia
Abstract in Portuguese
Para o filósofo canadense Charles Taylor, o conceito de experiência religiosa foi mal compreendido. Formulada a partir da psicologia de William James, a descrição dessa experiência centrou-se em aspectos individuais em detrimento de suas manifestações coletivas. Segundo Taylor, paira sobre ela uma densa névoa de incompreensões epistemológicas e políticas que obstam resgatar o verdadeiro sentido da experiência religiosa. Ele atribui essas incompreensões à concepção naturalista do comportamento humano, inaugurada com a modernidade, e propõe uma nova maneira de entender a experiência religiosa por meio de uma investigação da formação da identidade moderna. A partir da crise da "morte de Deus", a o fim do domínio público da religião e a "interiorização" e o recuo para a vida privada das experiências religiosas, nossa tese discorre sobre a teoria da subjetividade de Taylor e seu impacto no estudo da experiência religiosa. Composta por quatro artigos, nós apresentamos, no primeiro, os elementos centrais da filosofia da psicologia de Taylor, no contexto do que ele denomina de "antropologia filosófica". Essa teoria visa se contrapor à corrente do naturalismo, que, a seu ver, invadiu as ciências humanas e é responsável por uma série de incompreensões no estudo do comportamento humano. No segundo artigo, traçamos a origem dessa corrente, mostrando como ela está entrelaçada com a autocompreensão da modernidade. A seguir, tratamos da leitura de Taylor da psicologia da religião de James. Nesse artigo, mostramos a ligação entre o pensamento de James e o naturalismo e discorremos sobre as críticas de Taylor a ele. Por fim, tratamos da experiência religiosa em Taylor. Mais do que uma experiência centrada no indivíduo, Taylor aponta para toda uma estrutura de compreensão de mundo que atravessa a compreensão da experiência religiosa.
Title in English
A secular self: the "death of God" according Charles Taylor
Keywords in English
Charles Taylor
History of psychology
Philosophy of psychology
Religious experience
Abstract in English
For Canadian philosopher Charles Taylor, the concept of religious experience was misunderstood. Formulated from the psychology of William James, the description of this experience focused on individual aspects to the detriment of its collective manifestations. According to Taylor, a dense fog of epistemological and political misunderstandings hangs over it, which prevents recovering the true meaning of the religious experience. He attributes these misunderstandings to the naturalistic conception of human behavior, inaugurated with modernity, and proposes a new way of understanding religious experience through an investigation of the formation of modern identity. From the crisis of the "death of God", to the end of the public domain of religion and the "interiorization" and retreat to the private life of religious experiences, our thesis discusses Taylor's theory of subjectivity and its impact on the study of religious experience. Composed of four articles, we present, in the first one, the central elements of Taylor's philosophy of psychology, in the context of what he calls "philosophical anthropology". This theory aims to oppose the current of naturalism, which, in his view, invaded the human sciences and is responsible for a series of misunderstandings in the study of human behavior. In the second article, we trace the origin of this current, showing how it is intertwined with the self-understanding of modernity. Next, we deal with Taylor's reading of James' psychology of religion. In this article, we show the link between James' thought and naturalism and discuss Taylor's criticisms of it. Finally, we deal with the religious experience in Taylor. More than an experience centered on the individual, Taylor points to a whole structure of understanding the world that crosses the understanding of the religious experience.
 
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Release Date
2025-03-23
Publishing Date
2023-05-26
 
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