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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.59.2021.tde-23062021-152836
Document
Author
Full name
Cristina Machado Borges
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Bichuette, Maria Elina (President)
Gallão, Jonas Eduardo
Hara, Marcos Ryotaro
Manfrin, Maura Helena
Motokane, Marcelo Tadeu
Schimonsky, Diego Monteiro von
Title in Portuguese
Diversidade funcional de opiliões (Arachnida): as cavernas do quadrilátero ferrífero de Minas Gerais (sudeste do Brasil) representam filtros ambientais para o grupo?
Keywords in Portuguese
Atributos funcionais
Biologia subterrânea
Cavernas ferríferas
Ecologia
Abstract in Portuguese
As cavernas presentes em litologias ferruginosas são pequenas quando comparadas com as encontradas em litologias areníticas, e calcárias, por exemplo, sendo consideradas ambientes únicos e importantes em termos mundiais. Tais ambientes sofrem grandes ameaças, em especial devido à atividade de mineração. Um dos grupos taxonômicos frequentemente amostrados nesses ambientes são os aracnídeos da ordem Opiliones. Estes animais são geralmente higrófilos e podem ser encontrados também em florestas úmidas do entorno das cavidades. Os ambientes epígeo e hipógeo apresentam diferenças marcantes entre si e, por tal motivo, representam ambientes para testar modelos ecológicos interessantes. Através da aplicação do método de diversidade funcional é possível agrupar espécies segundo seus traços funcionais, independentemente de sua classificação taxonômica e/ou filogenia. As regiões escolhidas são o Monumento Natural Estadual da Serra da Piedade, em Caeté e o Parque Municipal das Mangabeiras, em Belo Horizonte. A diversidade funcional FD foi maior nos ambientes epígeos, embora com uma diferença pequena, ao testarmos cavernas em fitofisionomias de mata atlântica e campos rupestres. Quando consideramos apenas as cavernas em campos rupestres ferruginosos a FD hipógea foi maior. As cavidades, em especial nos campos rupestres avaliados, não foram filtros ambientais para os opiliões, e sim, refúgios, sendo a conservação da integridade destas importante para a conservação do grupo estudado.
Title in English
Functional diversity of harvestmen (Arachnida): do caves in the quadrilátero ferrífero of Minas Gerais (southeast Brazil) represent environmental filters for the group?
Keywords in English
Ecology
Functional atributes
Iron caves
Subterranean biology
Abstract in English
Caves in ferruginous lithologies are small compared to those found in sandstone lithologies and limestone for example, being considered unique and important environments in the world. Such environments suffer great threats, especially due to mining activity. One of the taxonomic groups frequently sampled in these environments are the arachnids of the order Opiliones. These animals are generally hygrophilous and can also be found in humid forests around the caves. The epigeal and hypogeal environments show marked differences between themselves and, for this reason, represent environments where to test interesting ecological models. Through the application of the functional diversity method, it is possible to group species according to their functional characteristics, regardless of their taxonomic classification and/or phylogeny. The chosen regions are the Monumento Natural Estadual da Serra da Piedade in Caeté and the Parque Municipal das Mangabeiras, in Belo Horizonte. The functional diversity FD was greater in epigean environments, although with a small difference, when testing caves in phytophysiognomies of atlantic forest and rupestrian fields. When we considered only the caves in ferruginous rupestrian fields, the hypogeal FD was greater. The cavities, especially in the rupestrian fields evaluated, were not environmental filters for harvestmen, but refuges, and the maintenance of their integrity being important for the conservation of the studied group.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-06-25
 
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