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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.59.2022.tde-17012023-114723
Document
Author
Full name
Giovanni Stoppa Baviera
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Donate, Paulo Marcos (President)
Naal, Rose Mary Zumstein Georgetto
Sairre, Mirela Ines de
Title in Portuguese
Estudo do pentacloreto de nióbio na obtenção de derivados de triarilmetano e de antraceno via reações do tipo Friedel-Crafts e Bradsher e estudos fotofísicos dos compostos obtidos
Keywords in Portuguese
9-antraldeído
Pentacloreto de nióbio
Reação de Bradsher
Reação de Friedel-Crafts
Triarilmetano
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta dissertação de mestrado, são descritos os resultados obtidos no estudo do uso do pentacloreto de nióbio como ácido de Lewis na síntese de triarilmetanos simétricos e de derivados de 9-antraldeído. Os triarilmetanos foram obtidos a partir de reações de Friedel-Crafts envolvendo aldeídos aromáticos e arenos. O pentacloreto de nióbio mostrou-se um excelente ácido de Lewis para esse tipo de reação e possibilitou a obtenção de mais de 25 compostos com rendimentos elevados em tempos reacionais curtos, demonstrando grande vantagem sobre outros métodos já existentes. Ainda, o escopo reacional abrangeu aldeídos aromáticos contendo vários tipos de grupos doadores e retiradores de elétrons. No entanto, não foi possível usar aldeídos alifáticos, já que estes não originam carbocátions suficientemente estáveis para que a reação prossiga. Posteriormente, diversos derivados de 9-antraldeído foram obtidos a partir de triarilmetanos, do diclorometil metil éter e do pentacloreto de nióbio, por meio de uma reação do tipo Bradsher envolvendo formilação seguida de ciclização intramolecular. Os tempos reacionais extremamente curtos, os rendimentos reacionais elevados e os compostos inéditos sintetizados, demonstraram a eficiência do método desenvolvido neste trabalho. Levando em conta a carência de métodos sintéticos para obter essa classe de compostos, o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias sintéticas se torna necessário. Devido as diversas propriedades fotofísicas apresentadas pelos derivados de antraceno, na parte final deste trabalho foram descritos os estudos da fluorescência dos derivados de 9-antraldeído visando verificar potenciais aplicações na área de materiais luminescentes.
Title in English
Studying niobium pentachloride to obtain triarylmethane and anthracene derivatives via Friedel-Crafts and Bradsher-type reactions and photophysical studies of the obtained compounds
Keywords in English
9-anthraldehyde
Bradsher-reaction
Friedel-Crafts reaction
Niobium pentachloride
Triarylmethane
Abstract in English
We have synthesized several triarylmethane derivatives and 9- antraldehyde derivatives by using niobium pentachloride as Lewis acid. We obtained the triarylmethanes via Friedel-Crafts hydroxyalkylation reaction involving aromatic aldehydes and arenes. Niobium pentachloride proved to be an excellent Lewis acid for this type of reaction: the reaction produced more than 25 compounds in high yields and short reaction times, being advantageous over other existing methods. Furthermore, the reaction scope encompassed aromatic aldehydes containing various types of donating and withdrawing groups in the aromatic ring. However, aliphatic aldehydes could not be used because they do not generate sufficiently stable carbocations for the reaction to proceed. Subsequently, we obtained several 9-antraldehyde derivatives by reacting triarylmethanes, dichloromethyl methyl ether, and niobium pentachloride through a Bradsher-type reaction involving formylation followed by intramolecular cyclization. The short reaction times, the high reaction yields, and the novel synthesized compounds demonstrated that the methodology developed here was efficient. Taking into account the lack of synthetic methods to obtain this class of compounds, the development of new synthetic methodologies becomes necessary. Because the anthracene derivatives present different photophysical properties, we conducted fluorescence studies to verify their potential applications in the area of luminescent materials.
 
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Release Date
2024-11-11
Publishing Date
2023-01-25
 
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