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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2023.tde-22022024-120924
Document
Author
Full name
Barbara Brito de Souza Pereira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade (President)
Marques, Otávio Cabral
Nishiyama Junior, Milton Yutaka
Souza, Renato Pereira de
Title in Portuguese
Análise sistêmica de tecido cerebral em pacientes com morte associada ao vírus febre amarela
Keywords in Portuguese
Arbovírus
Febre amarela
Neuroinvasividade
Neurotropismo
RNA-seq
Sistema nervoso central
Vírus da febre amarela
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença causada pelo YFV (do inglês, Yellow Fever Virus) é chamada de Febre Amarela (do inglês, Yellow Fever-YF), transmitida para hospedeiros vertebrados pela picada de mosquitos hematófagos portadores do vírus. A patogênese da doença pode dividir-se em dois padrões distintos de infecção: (i) viscerotrópico e (ii) neurotrópico. No Brasil, entre 2017 e 2018 foram confirmados no estado de São Paulo, 555 casos em humanos, e 203 casos de óbito. Destes, 85 foram acompanhados pelo Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina, da Universidade de São Paulo, e também pelo Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática (ICB/USP), e realizada autópsia e coletas de tecidos para investigação molecular com o intuito de verificar a presença do vírus no cérebro, e também nos outros tecidos. Aqui, o presente investigou aspectos biológicos ligados à acessibilidade, neuroinvasividade e respostas diferenciais associadas aos diferentes tipos de vírus febre amarela (YFV-17DD e YFV-silvático) utilizando dados moleculares, patológicos e expressão gênica diferencial obtida pela técnica de RNAseq. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, o RNAseq foi realizado a partir de 13 amostras de tecido cerebral, obtidos de 10 pacientes que foram a óbito com suspeita de febre amarela, e 3 pacientes que fazem parte do grupos considerados controles. Os grupos foram classificados como YFV-silvático com vírus detectado no cérebro, YFVsilvático sem detecção viral no cérebro, YFV-17DD com vírus detectado no cérebro, YFV-17DD sem detecção viral no cérebro. A partir disso, níveis de expressão gênica em cada grupo foram analisados de forma a elucidar a neuropatogenia do YFV, buscando compreender a neuroinvasividade e neuroinfecção das diferentes linhagens. Ainda não está claro na literatura se as síndromes neurológicas associadas ao YFV são devido à infecção direta por YFV das células cerebrais, ou são secundárias à fenômenos imunomoduladores e como conclusão de nossos achados, foi possível hipotetizar que: (i) as partículas virais de YFV ultrapassaram a BHE e atingiram o tecido cerebral levando ao dano neurológico; (ii) as partículas de YFV atingiram a BHE, infectaram as células endoteliais, contudo não a ultrapassam chegando ao cérebro; (iii) as partículas virais de YFV não atingem o SNC e os danos neurológicos são efeitos secundários da infecção sistêmica
Title in English
Systemic analysis of brain tissue in patients with death associated with yellow fever virus
Keywords in English
Arbovirus
Central nervous system
Neuroinvasiveness
Neurotropism
RNA-seq
Yellow fever
Yellow fever virus
Abstract in English
The YFV (Yellow Fever Virus) disease is called Yellow Fever (YF), and it is transmitted to vertebrate hosts by the bite of hematophagous mosquitoes carrying the virus. The pathogenesis of the disease can be divided into two distinct patterns of infection: (i) viscerotropic and (ii) neurotropic. In Brazil, according to the Ministry of Health, from July 2017 to June 2018, 555 human cases were confirmed, and 203 lethal cases, in the state of São Paulo. Of these, 85 cases were followed up by the Department of Pathology at the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, and by the Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics (ICB/USP), with autopsies being carried out on all patients and tissue collections for molecular investigation, to verify the presence of the virus in the brain, and also in other tissues. Here, we present new scientific research on the study of biological aspects related to accessibility, neuroinvasiveness and differential responses associated with different types of yellow fever virus (YFV-17DD and YFV-sylvatic), using molecular, pathological and differential gene expression obtained by RNAseq technique. To achieve the proposed objectives, RNAseq was performed on 13 samples of brain tissue, obtained from 10 patients who died with suspected yellow fever, and 3 patients who considered as control group. The groups were classified as sylvatic YFV with virus detected in the brain, sylvatic YFV without viral detection in the brain, vaccine YFV with virus detected in the brain and, vaccine YFV without viral detection in the brain. Gene expression levels in each group were analyzed to elucidate the neuropathogenesis of YFV, seeking to understand the neuroinvasiveness and neuroinfection of different strains. It is still unclear in the literature whether the neurological syndromes associated with YFV are due to direct YFV infection of brain cells, or are secondary to immunomodulatory phenomena. As a conclusion of our findings, it was possible to hypothesize that: (i) YFV viral particles crossed the BBB and reached the brain leading to neurological damage; (ii) the YFV particles reached the BBB, infected the endothelial cells, but did not go beyond it to reach the brain and; (iii) YFV viral particles do not reach the CNS and neurological damage is most-likely a secondary effect of the systemic infection
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-01
 
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