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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2020.tde-10082021-172251
Document
Author
Full name
Camila Cruz de Martino
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Sabino, Ester Cerdeira (President)
Komninakis, Shirley Vasconcelos
Proietti, Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro
Romano, Camila Malta
Title in Portuguese
Prevalência de beta-talassemias em pacientes com anemia falciforme em quatro estados do Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
Anemia falciforme
Biologia molecular.
Hemoglobinas
Sequenciamento genético
Talassemia, Anemia
Abstract in Portuguese
O diagnóstico da doença falciforme (DF) é feito por ensaios de hemoglobina (Hb), como cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), foco isoelétrico e eletroforese em acetato de celulose ou ágar citrato. Esses ensaios são de fácil execução e utilizados em exames de recém-nascidos em larga escala em muitos países. No entanto, esses testes podem não diferenciar facilmente a talassemia S?0 da SS ou identificar outras variantes da hemoglobina e, nesse caso, o sequenciamento genético do gene da beta globina (HBB) pode ser necessário. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um ensaio confirmatório com base no ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA) de alta produtividade para DF e detectar mutações no gene HBB. Métodos: Desenvolveu-se uma técnica de pyrosequencimento automático (Pyro) de acordo com a tecnologia Qiagen (Hilden, Alemanha) para detectar mutações homozigotas ou heterozigotas da hemoglobina S (HbS), bem como mutações na hemoglobina C (HbC). A técnica foi testada em 2.748 amostras de pacientes inscritos em uma coorte multicêntrica da DF no Brasil. Os pacientes foram previamente testados usando HPLC para diagnosticar DF como parte dos cuidados clínicos de rotina. Quaisquer indivíduos com resultados discrepantes entre HPLC e Pyro ou com hemoglobina S (HbS) heterozigótica detectada realizaram sequenciamento de Sanger do gene HBB. Resultados: Foram identificadas 168 amostras com resultados discrepantes entre HPLC e Pyro e 100 com Pyro concordante = S heterozigótico e HPLC, o que sugeriria talassemia S? ou outras variantes S heterozigóticas. O ensaio Pyro identificou corretamente 1.906 (98,7%) das HbSS de 1.930 amostras e 628 (98,7%) das 636 amostras de Hemoglobinopatia SC (HbSC). Das 179 amostras restantes, o Pyro indicou corretamente heterozigose S em 165 (92,2%). Das 165 amostras heterozigotas de S confirmadas por Sanger como consistentes com o genótipo de talassemia S?, 84 amostras foram classificadas como talassemia S?0 e 81 como talassemia S?+. As mutações beta talassêmicas mais frequentes de S?0 e S?+ foram HBB:c.118C>T (Gln40Stop) e HBB:c.92+6T>C, respectivamente. Discussão: O Pyro provou ser satisfatório para testes confirmatórios em larga escala da mutação da hemoglobina. Além disso, este estudo possibilitou a descrição das mutações ?+ e ?0 mais comuns em pacientes com DF com S- talassemia em uma grande coorte multi-institucional de DF no Brasil.
Title in English
Prevalence of beta-talassemias in patients with sickle cell disease in four states of Brazil
Keywords in English
Anemia, Molecular biology.
Genetic sequencing
Hemoglobins
Sickle cell
Thalasssemia
Abstract in English
The diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) is made by hemoglobin assays such as high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), isoelectric focusing and cellulose acetate or citrate agar electrophoresis. These assays are easy to perform and used in large-scale newborn screening in many countries. These tests however may not easily differentiate S?0 thalassemia from SS or identify other hemoglobin variants, and in this case, hemoglobin (HBB) gene sequencing may be necessary. With objectives to develop a high throughput DNA based confirmatory assay for SCD and to detect mutations in the HBB gene Methods: We developed an automated pyrosequencing technique (Pyro) based on QIAGEN technology (Hilden, Germany) to detect homozygous or heterozygous hemoglobin S mutations as well ashemoglobin C mutations. The technique was tested on 2,748 samples from patients enrolled in a multi-center SCD cohort in Brazil. Patients were previously tested using HPLC to diagnose SCD as part of routine clinical care. Any subjects with discrepant results between HPLC and Pyro or with heterozygous hemoglobin S detected had Sanger sequencing of the HBB gene. Results: We identified 168 samples with discrepant results between HPLC and Pyro and 100 with concordant Pyro= heterozygous S and HPLC, which would suggest S?-thalassemia or other heterozygous S variants. The Pyro assay correctly identified 1906 (98.7%) of the 1,930 HbSS and 628 (98.7%) of the 636 HbSC samples. Of the 179 remaining samples, Pyro correctly indicated S heterozygosis in 165 (92.2%). Of the 165 heterozygous S samples confirmed by Sanger as consistent with S? thalassemia genotype, 84 samples were classified as S?0 thalassemia and 81 as S?+ thalassemia. The most frequent beta thalassemia mutations of S?0 and S?+ were HBB:c.118C>T (Gln40Stop) and HBB:c.92+6T>C, respectively. Discussion: The Pyro proved to be satisfactory for large- scale confirmatory testing of hemoglobin mutation. Moreover, this study made it possible to describe the most common ?+ and ?0 mutations in SCD patients with S?-thalassemia in a large multi-institutional SCD cohort in Brazil.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-08-10
 
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