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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2022.tde-18072022-143842
Document
Author
Full name
Sergio Szachnowicz
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Cecconello, Ivan (President)
Kassab, Paulo
Sallum, Rubens Antonio Aissar
Santo, Marco Aurelio
Title in Portuguese
Comparação entre o tratamento clínico e cirúrgico do refluxo gastroesofágico nos pacientes com esôfago de Barrett: como o epitélio colunar evolui a longo prazo?
Keywords in Portuguese
Adenocarcinoma
Carcinogênese
Esôfago de Barrett
Fundoplicatura
Inibidores da bomba de prótons
Refluxo gastroesofágico
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo: Avaliação a longo prazo da evolução do epitélio colunar do esôfago de Barrett após tratamento clínico e cirúrgico através da fundoplicatura total do refluxo gastroesofágico. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo comparativo, incluindo 398 pacientes com esôfago de Barrett submetidos ao tratamento clínico com Omeprazol (seguimento médio de 67,8 meses) ou através de fundoplicatura laparoscópica a Nissen (147,7 meses). Foram colhidos dados de consultas anuais e endoscópicos a cada 2 anos. Os grupos foram comparados de forma geral e também utilizando Propensity Score Match (PSM), pareando a extensão do esôfago de Barrett, com variáveis de ocorrência para displasia e adenocarcinoma e quanto à evolução do epitélio e critérios clínicos, e significância estatística assumida para p<0,05. Resultados: Os pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico apresentaram maior regressão da extensão do EB, menor presença de hérnia de hiato, regressão da MI, menor necessidade de utilização de medicação para refluxo e melhora de sintomas em geral, assim como de sintomas de DRGE (p<0,05). O efeito relativo de tratamento foi significativamente maior no cirúrgico quanto à progressão e à regressão dos epitélios (p<0,001). O grupo Clínico apresentou 1,94 mais chance de ter adenocarcinoma e/ou displasia em geral que o grupo Cirúrgico, considerando idade e obesidade controlada. O grupo Clínico tem 3,83 mais chances de ter adenocarcinoma e/ou displasia de alto grau que o Cirúrgico, considerando idade e obesidade controlada. O tratamento cirúrgico da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico no esôfago de Barrett através da fundoplicatura total apresentou bons resultados, independentemente da extensão do epitélio inicial Barrett, curto ou longo. Conclusões: O tratamento cirúrgico do refluxo gastroesofágico em pacientes com esôfago de Barrett é superior ao clínico, permitindo melhor controle de sintomas, menor necessidade de utilização de medicação para o refluxo, maior controle do epitélio colunar, causando maior regressão do epitélio colunar e da MI e, por consequência, maior proteção para evitar a progressão do EB para adenocarcinoma ou displasias, independentemente da extensão do epitélio colunar antes do tratamento
Title in English
Comparison between the clinical and surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with Barrett's esophagus: how does the columnar epithelium evolve in the long term?
Keywords in English
Adenocarcinoma
Barrett's esophagus
Carcinogenesis
Fundoplication
Gastroesophageal reflux
Proton pump inhibitors
Abstract in English
Objective: Long-term evaluation of Barrett's esophagus (BE) columnar epithelium evolution, after clinical and surgical treatment (total fundoplication) of gastroesophageal reflux. Methods: Comparative prospective study, including 398 patients with BE undergoing clinical treatment with Omeprazole (mean follow-up of 67.8 months) or through laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (147.7 months). Data were collected from annual clinical interview and endoscopic exams every 2 years. The groups were compared in general and after using propensity score matching (PSM) pairing by BE extension, with contour variables for dysplasia and adenocarcinoma, regarding the evolution of the epithelium and clinical criteria, and assumed statistical significance for p<0.05. Results: Patients undergoing surgical treatment had greater EB extension regression, less presence of hiatal hernia, more regression of intestinal metaplasia (IM), less need to use reflux medication and improvement in symptoms in general, as well as in GERD symptoms (p<0.05). The relative effect of treatment was significantly greater in surgery regarding the progression and regression of epithelia (p<0.001). The Clinical group was 1.94 more likely to have adenocarcinoma and/or dysplasia in general than the surgical group, considering controlled age and obesity. The Clinical group is 3.83 more likely to have adenocarcinoma and/or high-grade dysplasia than the surgical group, considering controlled age and obesity. Considering the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Barrett's esophagus through total fundoplication, the results were similar regardless of the extent of the initial Barrett epithelium. Conclusions: Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with Barrett's esophagus is superior to clinical treatment, allowing better symptom control, less need to use medication for reflux; greater control of the columnar epithelium, causing greater regression of the columnar epithelium and IM, and, consequently, greater protection to prevent the progression of EB to adenocarcinoma or dysplasia, regardless of the extension of the columnar epithelium before treatment
 
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Publishing Date
2022-07-18
 
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