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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2021.tde-07012022-124742
Document
Author
Full name
Estrella Bianca de Mello
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Albuquerque, Luiz Augusto Carneiro D (President)
Boin, Ilka de Fatima Santana Ferreira
Haddad, Luciana Bertocco de Paiva
Malbouisson, Luiz Marcelo Sá
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do comportamento da pressão intra-abdominal e da incidência de hipertensão intra-abdominal em pacientes submetidos a transplante de fígado
Keywords in Portuguese
Hipertensão intra-abdominal
Injúria renal aguda
Transplante de fígado
Verde de indocianina
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: Hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) e síndrome compartimental abdominal (SCA) estão associadas a disfunções orgânicas incluindo injúria renal aguda (IRA) e risco de óbito após o transplante hepático. O melhor entendimento da fisiopatologia da HIA tem resultado na redução da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA) e, por conseguinte, na redução da incidência de HIA. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento da PIA e suas repercussões clínicas nos primeiros dias após o transplante de fígado. Métodos: Foram avaliados 104 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de transplante hepático no período de 7 dias pós-operatórios. Após a indução da anestesia, foi inserida sonda vesical ligada a sistema fechado de medida de PIA pela via intravesical e zerada na altura da linha axilar média. A PIA, a pressão arterial média (PAM) e a pressão de perfusão abdominal (PPA) foram aferidas ao final da cirurgia e a cada 6 horas nas primeiras 72 horas em pacientes que tiveram a cavidade abdominal fechada. Para avaliar desfechos, os pacientes foram classificados em dois grupos: com (HIA+) ou sem (HIA-) hipertensão intraabdominal. Foram avaliados: função hepática, função renal, necessidade de vasopressores, ventilação mecânica e hemodiálise. No 3º e 7º dias pósoperatórios (PO), foi analisada a captação hepática do verde de indocianina (ICG) pelo método LiMON®. Resultados: A incidência de HIA neste estudo foi de 14,4%, sem casos de SCA. Setenta pacientes apresentaram algum grau de disfunção renal, sendo 12 no grupo HIA+ e 58 no grupo HIA- (p = 0,355). Após 48 horas, 60% do grupo HIA+ estavam em ventilação mecânica versus 26,7% no grupo HIA- (p = 0,016). A prevalência de diálise ao final da primeira semana de pós-operatório foi maior no grupo HIA+ 31,3% vs 10,8% HIA- (p = 0,047). O clearance do ICG no 3PO e no 7PO foi semelhante nos grupos HIA+ e HIA-. As taxas de reoperação (12,4% vs. 20%), retransplante (10,1% vs.13,3%) e óbito (14% vs. 18,2%) foram semelhantes nos grupos HIA- e HIA+, respectivamente. Conclusões: No presente estudo, a incidência de HIA foi baixa, não sendo observado SCA. Contudo, a presença de HIA esteve associada à maior necessidade de ventilação mecânica e hemodiálise. Apesar disto, não esteve associada à maior necessidade de reoperação, retransplante ou maior taxa de óbitos
Title in English
Evaluation of the behavior of intra-abdominal pressure and the incidence of intra-abdominal hypertension in patients undergoing liver transplantation
Keywords in English
Acute kidney injury
Indocyanine green
Intra-abdominal hypertension
Liver transplantation
Abstract in English
Introduction: intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are associated with organ dysfunctions, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and risk of death after liver transplantation. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of IAH has resulted in a reduction in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and, therefore, in a reduction in the incidence of IAH. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of IAP and its clinical repercussions in the first days after liver transplantation. Methods: a total of 104 patients undergoing liver transplantation were evaluated within seven days after surgery. After induction of anesthesia, a bladder catheter connected to a closed IAP measurement system was inserted through the intrabladder and zeroed at the mid-axillary line. The IAP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and abdominal perfusion pressure (APP) were measured at the end of surgery and every 6 hours in the first 72 hours in patients with a closed abdominal cavity. To assess outcomes, patients were classified into two groups: with (IAH+) or without (IAH-) intra-abdominal hypertension. The following were evaluated: liver function, renal function, need for vasopressors, mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis. On the 3rd and 7th postoperative days (POD), liver uptake of indocyanine green (ICG) was analyzed by the LiMON® method. Results: the incidence of IAH in this study was 14.4%, without cases of ACS. Seventy patients had some degree of renal dysfunction, 12 in the IAH+ group and 58 in the IAH- group (p = 0.355). After 48 hours, 60% of the IAH+ group was on mechanical ventilation versus 26.7% in the IAH- group (p = 0.016). The prevalence of dialysis at the end of the first postoperative week was higher in the IAH+ group, with 31.3% vs. 10.8% IAH- (p = 0.047). The ICG clearance at 3 POD and 7 POD was similar in the IAH+ and IAH- groups. The rates of reoperation (12.4% vs. 20%), retransplantation (10.1% vs. 13.3%) and death (14% vs. 18.2%) were similar in the IAH- and IAH+ groups, respectively. Conclusions: in the present study, the incidence of IAH was low, and no ACS was observed. However, the presence of intra-abdominal hypertension was associated with a greater need for mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis. Despite this, it was not associated with a greater need for reoperation, retransplantation or a higher death rate
 
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Publishing Date
2022-01-17
 
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