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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2020.tde-10092021-164252
Document
Author
Full name
Ludmila Nogueira Novaes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Caldini, Elia Tamaso Espin Garcia (President)
Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido
Negri, Elnara Márcia
Queiroz, Giovana Gonçalves Jamar de
Title in Portuguese
Efeito do consumo de extrato de frutas ricas em antioxidantes no estresse oxidativo, perfil hemodinâmico e resistência à insulina em indivíduos hipertensos
Keywords in Portuguese
Antioxidantes
Estresse oxidativo
Frutas
Hipertensão
Polifenóis
Resistência à insulina
Abstract in Portuguese
Dietas ricas em substâncias antioxidantes (polifenóis) podem reduzir o risco de eventos cardiovasculares. O baixo consumo de frutas e vegetais está envolvido na ocorrência estresse oxidativo, hipertensão e resistência à insulina. Embora o consumo da fruta in natura ou sob a forma de sucos seja a melhor forma de aquisição de seus componentes nutricionais, a cápsula contendo extratos de frutas tem a vantagem de ser facilmente consumida e possuir longa duração. Assim sendo, são necessários estudos que possam embasar a suplementação de antioxidantes sob a forma de frutas encapsuladas e verificar se as propriedades protetivas dessas frutas se mantém após o processamento que gera os extratos. Assim sendo, os objetivos desse estudo são: 1) Determinar o teor de compostos fenólicos e a capacidade antioxidante dos extratos de cranberry, mirtilo e romã; 2) Realizar avaliação de marcadores de estresse oxidativo, marcadores de atividade inflamatória, juntamente com avaliação hemodinâmica. Para tal, realizou-se um ensaio clínico, controlado por placebo, com indivíduos hipertensos e normotensos que receberam as cápsulas de extratos de frutas (blueberry, cranberry e romã) durante 4 semanas. Foram realizadas avaliações hemodinâmicas, dos mediadores inflamatórios, da resistência à insulina e da atividade antioxidativa do plasma. A análise bioquímica dos extratos de frutas mostrou que a atividade antioxidante dos componentes fenólicos se mantém nas cápsulas. O índice HOMAir,que reflete a resistência à insulina, diminuiu significativamente após o consumo das cáspsulas. Embora não tenha havido alterações hemodinâmicas, após o consumo das cápsulas, houve uma diminuição da peroxidação lipídica e um aumento de atividade da catalase. Os resultados desse estudo sugerem que a suplementação com cápsulas de cranberry, mirtilo e romã é capaz de reverter danos oxidativos e reduzir a resistência à insulina em pacientes hipertensos.
Title in English
Effect of antioxidant-rich fruit extract intake on oxidative stress, hemodynamic profile and insulin resistance in hypertensive patients
Keywords in English
Antioxidants
Fruit
Hypertension
Insulin resistance
Oxidative stress
Polyphenols.
Abstract in English
Diets high in antioxidant substances (polyphenols) may reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Low consumption of fruits and vegetables is involved in oxidative stress, hypertension and insulin resistance. Although the consumption of fresh fruit or juice is the best way to acquire its nutritional components, the use of capsules containing fruit extracts has the advantage of being easily consumed and lasting longer. Therefore, studies are needed to support antioxidant supplementation in the form of encapsulated fruit extracts and to verify if the protective properties of these fruits remain after the processing that generates the extracts. Thus, the objectives of this study are: 1) To determine the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of cranberry, blueberry and pomegranate extracts; 2) Perform evaluation of oxidative stress markers, markers of inflammatory activity, together with hemodynamic assessment. For this, a placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with hypertensive and normotensive subjects who received the fruit extract capsules (blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate) for 4 weeks. Hemodynamic, inflammatory mediators, insulin resistance, and plasma antioxidant activity evaluations were performed. Biochemical analysis of fruit extracts showed that the antioxidant activity of phenolic components remains in the capsules. The HOMA-IR index, that discloses insulin resistance, decreased significantly after capsule consumption. Although there were no hemodynamic changes, there was a decrease in lipid peroxidation after capsule consumption and an increase in catalase activity. The results of this study suggest that supplementation with cranberry, blueberry and pomegranate capsules can reverse oxidative damage and reduce insulin resistance in hypertensive patients.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-09-10
 
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