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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2020.tde-15092021-141424
Document
Author
Full name
Samantha Cristina Pereira Fernandes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Carvalho, José Willegaignon de Amorim de (President)
Lopes, Rafael Willain
Sapienza, Marcelo Tatit
Yoriyaz, Hélio
Title in Portuguese
Dosimetria e cuidados de radioproteção para pacientes submetidos a procedimentos diagnósticos em medicina nuclear
Keywords in Portuguese
Doses de radiação
Dosimetria
Medicina nuclear
Proteção radiológica
Radioisótopos
Radiologia
Serviço hospitalar de oncologia
Abstract in Portuguese
Pacientes que são submetidos a procedimentos de Medicina Nuclear, sejam eles diagnósticos ou terapêuticos, tornam-se fontes radioativas por um determinado período de tempo até que a substância radioativa incorporada por eles seja completamente eliminada de seus organismos. Como consequência, os pacientes radioativos podem expor outros indivíduos e o meio ambiente à radiação ionizante. Visando reduzir estas exposições, cuidados de radioproteção com esses pacientes são geralmente requeridos. Porém, a pequena quantidade de material radioativo administrada em procedimentos diagnósticos leva ao questionamento sobre a real necessidade de se atribuir tais cuidados e, mesmo que comprovada esta necessidade, cabe ainda estabelecer o período de sua vigência. Na literatura não existem estudos científicos que permitam estabelecer tais cuidados e sua adequação de acordo com as necessidades clínicas de cada paciente. Respostas a esses questionamentos estão vinculados ao verdadeiro potencial de exposição que esses pacientes oferecerem a outros indivíduos, como também os riscos radiológicos provenientes dessas exposições e doses de radiação. Desta forma, este estudo visa primordialmente avaliar esses potenciais de exposição baseado no estudo da biocinética de retenção e excreção de radiofármacos recebida pelos pacientes, bem como avaliar os cuidados de radioproteção a serem implantados na Medicina Nuclear diagnóstica seja para reduzir ou controlar as exposições de familiares e demais indivíduos da Sociedade que, por ventura, venham a ser expostos a esses pacientes.
Title in English
Dosimetry and radioprotection care for patients with diagnostic procedures in nuclear medicine
Keywords in English
Dosimetry
Nuclear medicine
Oncology service hospital
Radiation dosage
Radiation protection
Radioisotopes
Radiology
Abstract in English
Patients undergoing Nuclear Medicine procedures, whether diagnostic or therapeutic, become radioactive sources for a period of time until the radioactive substance they incorporate is completely eliminated from their organisms. As a consequence, radioactive patients may expose other individuals and the environment to ionizing radiation. In order to reduce these exposures, radioprotective care with these patients is usually required. However, the small amount of radioactive material administered in diagnostic procedures leads to the question of the real need for such care and, even if this need is proven, it is still necessary to establish the period of its validity. There are no scientific studies in the literature to establish such care and its adequacy according to the clinical needs of each patient. Answers to these questions are linked to the true exposure potential these patients offer to other individuals, as well as the radiological risks arising from these exposures and radiation doses. Thus, this study primarily aims to evaluate these exposure potentials based on the study of patient-received radiopharmaceutical retention and excretion bikinetics, as well as to evaluate the radioprotective care to be implemented in diagnostic Nuclear Medicine either to reduce or control family exposures. and other individuals of the Society who may be exposed to these patients.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-09-15
 
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