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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2021.tde-30032022-075802
Document
Author
Full name
Karla Deysiree Alcântara Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Cunha Neto, Edecio (President)
Ianni, Barbara Maria
Kokron, Cristina Maria
Levy, Débora
Title in Portuguese
Genética e patogenia de megaesôfago chagásico: identificação de variantes patogênicas e investigação de seu impacto funcional
Keywords in Portuguese
Disfunção mitocondrial
Doença de Chagas
Interferon-gamma
Megaesôfago chagásico
Mitocôndrias
MRPS18B
Mutação mitocondrial
Trypanosoma cruzi
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença de Chagas (DC), causada pelo protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi, afeta 5 a 8 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e cerca de 1/3 desenvolve a doença cardíaca crônica (CCC) ou digestiva (megaesôfago/megacólon), enquanto a maioria permanece assintomática, na chamada forma indeterminada da doença de Chagas (FI). A genética do hospedeiro e a produção local de citocinas como IFN- parecem desempenhar um papel importante na progressão da doença, mas pouco se sabe sobre o papel da genética na suscetibilidade às formas digestivas da DC. Nosso grupo descobriu recentemente que a maioria dos casos de CCC em famílias com múltiplos pacientes com doença de Chagas carrega mutações prejudiciais em genes mitocondriais. Neste trabalho buscamos identificar mutações mitocondriais associadas à forma digestiva da doença de Chagas. Realizamos o sequenciamento completo do exoma de 13 pacientes megaesôfago chagásico (MEC) e 45 indivíduos FI. Encontramos a variante de um único nucleotídeo com dano missense MRPS18B 688C > G P230A, em 5 dos 13 pacientes MEC, enquanto a variante apareceu em um dos 45 pacientes FI [P = 0,015, OR = 11, IC de 95% (1,56- 128,6)]. Um dos 5 pacientes MEC é homozigoto, enquanto os outros quatro MEC e o portador FI são heterozigotos. Analisamos a função mitocondrial de linhagens de células linfoblastóides transformadas por EBV em resposta a IFN-. Nossos achados demonstram que os portadores MEC da variante MRPS18B 688C > G P230A exibem níveis aumentados de nitrito e proteínas nitradas; e o paciente homozigoto (G/G) níveis reduzidos de produção de ATP e aumento de superóxido mitocondrial em comparação com pacientes MEC que não carregavam a variante. Os resultados sugerem que mutações em genes mitocondriais podem ser um fator de maior susceptibilidade à disfunções mitocondriais e estresse nitro-oxidativo induzidos por citocinas como IFN-. Nossa hipótese é que em pacientes portadores de mutações mitocondriais homozigotas e heterozigotas, as citocinas produzidas localmente podem causar disfunção mitocondrial em neurônios no plexo mioentérico esofágico, levando à alteração da motilidade e megaesôfago
Title in English
Genetics and pathogenesis of chagasic megaesophagus: identification of pathogenic variants and investigation of their functional impact
Keywords in English
Chagas disease
Chagasic megaesophagus
Interferon-gamma
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial dysfunction
Mitochondrial mutation
MRPS18B
Trypanosoma cruzi
Abstract in English
Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects 5-8 million people worldwide, and around 1/3 develop chronic cardiac (CCC) or digestive disease (megaesophagus/megacolon), while the majority remain asymptomatic, in the so-called indeterminate form of Chagas disease (ASY). Host genetics and local production of cytokines IFN-gamma seem to play an important role in disease progression, but little is known about the role of genetics in susceptibility to the digestive forms of CD. Our group has recently found that most CCC cases in families with multiple Chagas disease patients carry damaging mutations in mitochondrial genes. We here searched for mitochondrial mutations associated with the digestive form of Chagas disease. We performed whole exome sequencing of 13 chagasic megaesophagus (CME) and 45 ASY individuals. We found the missense damaging single nucleotide variant MRPS18B 688C > G P230A, in 5 out of the 13 CME patients, while the variant appeared in one out of 45 ASY patients [P=0.015, OR=11, 95% CI (1.56-128.6)]. One of 5 CME patients was homozygous while the other four CME and the ASY carrier were heterozygous. We analysed the mitochondrial function of EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines in response to the inflammatory cytokine IFN-. We found the CME carriers of MRPS18B 688C > G P230A displayed increased levels of nitrite and nitrated proteins; and the homozygous (G/G) patient showed reduced levels of ATP production and increased mitochondrial ROS production as compared with the not-carrying CME patients. These results suggest that mutations in mitochondrial genes may be a factor in increased susceptibility to mitochondrial dysfunction and nitro-oxidative stress induced by cytokines such as IFN-. We hypothesize that in patients carrying homozygous and heterozygous mitochondrial mutations, locally produced cytokines may cause mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons in the esophageal myenteric plexus, leading to motility alteration and megaesophagus
 
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Publishing Date
2022-03-30
 
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