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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2021.tde-22072021-155915
Document
Author
Full name
Fernando Pereira Frassetto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Rosemberg, Sergio (President)
Duarte, Maria Irma Seixas
Gomes, Hélio Rodrigues
Lopes, Maria Beatriz Sampaio
Title in Portuguese
Alterações neuropatológicas em casos de febre amarela submetidos a autópsia
Keywords in Portuguese
Autopsia
Choque.
Encéfalo
Febre Amarela
Neuropatologia
Sepse
Abstract in Portuguese
INTRODUÇÃO: A febre amarela (FA) é uma doença viral hemorrágica reemergente, causada pelo vírus da febre amarela. Entre 2016 e 2018 ocorreu um grande surto no Brasil, com mais de 2.000 casos confirmados, incluindo mais de 500 mortes. Poucas descrições da neuropatologia desta doença são encontradas na literatura. MÉTODOS: Foram coletados os encéfalos de trinta e oito pacientes com FA que foram submetidos à autópsia, e os dados obtidos foram comparados com os encéfalos coletados de pacientes sem FA como grupo controle. Tanto os casos de FA quanto os controles foram subdivididos de acordo com a presença ou ausência de choque séptico associado, condição na qual pode ocorrer a encefalopatia associada à sepse. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. RESULTADOS: Demonstramos que todos os casos e controles apresentaram, pelo menos focalmente, a maioria das alterações neuropatológicas avaliadas, como edema, deposição de hemossiderina perivascular e hemorragia, infiltrado inflamatório meníngeo e parenquimatoso e hemorragias, e infiltrado inflamatório perivascular. Este último foi o único parâmetro que apresentou diferença estatística em relação à FA, quando comparado aos controles (p <0,0001). A avaliação imunohistoquímica de casos e controles selecionados demonstrou reatividade imune predominantemente linfomononuclear, sem aspecto inequívoco de encefalite. CONCLUSÃO: Como a maioria dos parâmetros avaliados não apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre casos e controles, os diversos achados podem ser atribuídos predominantemente a alterações vasculares, como a endotelopatia induzida por choque, associada à estimulação do sistema imunológico inerente aos processos infecciosos sistêmicos.
Title in English
Neuropathological alterations in cases of yellow fever submitted to autopsy
Keywords in English
Autopsy
Brain
Neuropathology
Sepsis
Shock
Yellow Fever
Abstract in English
INTRODUCTION: Yellow fever (YF) is a reemerging viral hemorrhagic disease caused by yellow fever virus. Between 2016 and 2018 a major outbreak occurred in Brazil, with more than 2000 confirmed cases, including more than 500 deaths. Few descriptions of the neuropathology of this disease are found in the literature. METHODS: We analyzed morphologically and immunohistochemically the brains of thirty-eight YF patients who underwent autopsy, and the data obtained were compared with those brains collected from patients without YF as a control group. Both YF cases and controls were subdivided according to the presence or absence of associated septic shock, a condition in which sepsis-associated encephalopathy may occur. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: We demonstrated that all cases and controls presented, at least focally, most of the neuropathological changes evaluated, such edema, perivascular hemosiderin deposition and hemorrhage, meningeal and parenchymal inflammatory infiltrate and hemorrhages, and perivascular inflammatory infiltrate. The latter was the only parameter which presented statistical difference related to YF, when compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical evaluation of selected cases and controls demonstrated predominantly lymphomononuclear immune reactivity, without unequivocal aspect of encephalitis. CONCLUSIONS: Since most of the parameters evaluated did not show statistically significant differences between cases and controls, the various findings can be attributed predominantly to vascular changes, such as shock induced endotheliopathy, associated with the stimulation of the immune system inherent to systemic infectious processes.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-07-22
 
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