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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2010.tde-21092010-101451
Document
Author
Full name
Juliana de Oliveira Gois
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Valente, Kette Dualibi Ramos (President)
Alves, Tania Corrêa de Toledo Ferraz
Rocca, Cristiana Castanho de Almeida
Title in Portuguese
Epilepsia de lobo temporal com atrofia hipocampal: funções neuropsicológicas, qualidade de vida e adequação social
Keywords in Portuguese
Ajustamento social
Epilepsia do lobo temporal
Neuropsicologia
Qualidade de vida
Reabilitação neuropsicológica
Abstract in Portuguese
A presença de déficits cognitivos nos indivíduos com epilepsia de lobo temporal é amplamente reconhecida, sendo os mesmos caracterizados por prejuízos da capacidade de nomeação, memória e função executiva. Embora as disfunções mnésticas sejam bastante estudadas na epilepsia de lobo temporal, a presença de disfunção executiva permanece controversa. A epilepsia gera, ainda, restrições na vida diária e prejuízo na qualidade de vida, levando a alterações na vida do indivíduo, tanto no aspecto físico quanto no psicossocial. Diversos estudos verificaram o impacto negativo da epilepsia sobre o ajustamento psicossocial através de questionários de qualidade de vida ou observações clínicas. No entanto, as medidas de qualidade de vida correspondem à percepção pessoal e subjetiva do paciente, mas geram informações inespecíficas frente à sua atual condição de vida. A despeito da evidência crescente de pior ajustamento psicossocial, não há até o momento, estudos que realizem avaliação formal da adequação social nos pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal e diferenciem o desempenho nos questionários de qualidade de vida e adequação social. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: avaliar o desempenho neuropsicológico, a qualidade de vida e a adequação social nos pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal através de instrumentos específicos e padronizados para estes fins. Além disso, buscou-se investigar a presença de associação entre estes fatores. Para tal, foram avaliados 35 pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal associada à atrofia hipocampal e 38 voluntários sadios, através de: a) bateria compreensiva de testes neuropsicológicos; b) questionários específicos de qualidade de vida e; c) escala padronizada de adequação social. Os pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal apresentaram pior desempenho que os voluntários sadios em testes de memória, tanto verbal quanto visual. Além disso, observou-se que os pacientes apresentaram qualidade de vida diminuída nos domínios relacionados a medo de crises, cognição e efeitos colaterais da medicação. Quanto à adequação social, os pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal apresentaram pior adequação global e, mais especificamente, pior adequação nos fatores trabalho e lazer quando comparados aos voluntários sadios. Não houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre desempenho cognitivo e qualidade de vida. No entanto, disfunções atencionais e mnésticas se correlacionaram positivamente com a pior adequação social. Além disso, observou-se correlação significativa entre a pior adequação social e a pior qualidade de vida. Os achados confirmam o impacto negativo da epilepsia sobre a cognição, qualidade de vida e adequação social de pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal. A ausência de correlação entre achados neuropsicológicos e qualidade de vida indica a imprecisão de queixas cognitivas mensuradas através de escalas de auto-preenchimento. A correlação entre adequação social e o desempenho atencional e mnéstico verbal demonstra a necessidade de programas de reabilitação neuropsicológica para estas funções a fim de melhorar a adequação social desta população
Title in English
Temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal atrophy: neuropsychology functions, quality of life and social adjustment
Keywords in English
Neuropsychology
Neuropychological rehabilitation
Quality of Life
Social adjustment
Temporal lobe epilepsy
Abstract in English
The presence of cognitive deficits in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy is widely recognized, being characterized by impairment of naming, memory and executive functioning. Although, mnestic dysfunction is well-studied in temporal lobe epilepsy, the presence of executive dysfunction remains controversial. Epilepsy is associated with restrictions on daily life and impairment in quality of life leading changes in peoples live, on physical and psychosocial aspects. Several studies described the negative impact of epilepsy on psychosocial adjustment by quality of life questionnaires or clinical observations. However, measures of quality of life match personal and subjective perception of the patient, but generate non-specific information compared to their current living conditions. Despite the growing evidence of poor psychosocial adjustment, to the moment, there is no formal assessment of social adjustment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and differentiate the performance on quality of life and social adjustment questionnaires. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the neuropsychological performance, quality of life and social adjustment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy by means of specific and standardized instruments for these purposes. In addition, we verified the presence of association between these factors. We evaluated 35 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy caused by hippocampal atrophy and 38 healthy volunteers, through: a) comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests; b) specific quality of life questionnaires and; c) standard scale of social adjustment. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy had a worse performance than the healthy volunteers on tests of memory, both verbal and visual. In addition, we observed that patients had reduced quality of life in areas related to fear of seizures, cognition, and side effects of medication. As to social adjustment, patients had worse overall adequacy and, more specifically, on subfactors related to work and leisure compared to healthy volunteers. There was no statistical significant correlation between cognitive performance and quality of life. However, attentional and verbal mnestic dysfunctions were positively correlated with the worse social adjustment. Moreover, there was significant correlation between worse social adjustment and reduced QOL. These findings confirm the negative impact of epilepsy on cognition, social adjustment and quality of life in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. The lack of correlation between neuropsychological findings and quality of life indicates the imprecision of cognitive complaints measured by self-report scales. The correlation between social adjustment with attentional and memory performance show the importance of neuropsychological rehabilitation for these functions in order to obtain a better social adjustment
 
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Publishing Date
2010-09-23
 
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