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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2020.tde-22062021-104618
Document
Author
Full name
Priscila Grizante Lopes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Carneiro, Jorge David Aivazoglou (President)
Braga, Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini
Diniz, Edna Maria de Albuquerque
Villaça, Paula Ribeiro
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do uso de ativador do plasminogênio tipo tecidual recombinante (rt-PA) no tratamento trombolítico de neonatos e lactentes com diagnóstico de trombose internados no centro neonatal do ICR- HCFMUSP
Keywords in Portuguese
Anticoagulantes
Ativador de plasminogênio tecidual
Recém-nascido
Recém-nascido prematuro
Terapia trombolítica
Trombose
Abstract in Portuguese
OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência do ICr-HC FMUSP com terapia trombolítica utilizando o ativador de plasminogênio tecidual recombinante (rt-PA) em neonatos com eventos trombóticos graves, em relação à resolução de trombos e complicações hemorrágicas. MÉTODOS: Este estudo retrospetivo incluiu 23 neonatos com eventos trombóticos venosos graves admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal, identificados na base de dados de farmácia de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2016 e tratados com rtPA até lise completa ou parcial do coágulo, falha terapêutica ou complicações hemorrágicas. Nosso desfecho primário foi a resolução do trombo. RESULTADOS: Vinte e três neonatos foram tratados com rt-PA por uma média de 2,9 ciclos. Dezenove (82.6%) pacientes apresentaram síndrome da veia cava superior. Todos os pacientes possuíam os seguintes fatores de risco: cateter venoso central, nutrição parenteral, ventilação mecânica e sepse. Quinze pacientes (65.2%) eram extremamente prematuros, onze (47.8%) apresentavam baixo peso ao nascer e sete (30.4%) apresentavam muito baixo peso ao nascer. A taxa de desobstrução do fluxo foi de 86.9%, ocorreu resolução completa em 13 (56,5%) pacientes e resolução parcial em sete (30,4%). Sangramento leve ocorreu em cinco (21.7%) pacientes, quatro pacientes (17.3%) tiveram eventos hemorrágicos não graves clinicamente relevantes e sangramento grave ocorreu em seis (26.0%) pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo, a taxa de resolução do trombo em recém-nascidos tratados com rt-PA foram semelhantes às taxas relatadas em crianças e adolescentes, porém com alta taxa de sangramento. Portanto, a terapia trombolítica com rt-PA só deve ser considerada como opção de tratamento em pacientes com trombose grave com risco de morte e nos neonatos em que o benefício do tratamento trombolítico supere os riscos de sangramento
Title in English
Evaluation of thrombolytic therapy using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in neonates and infants with thrombosis in the neonatal intensive care unit at ICr - HCFMUSP
Keywords in English
Anticoagulants
Infant
Infant premature
Newborn
Thrombolytic therapy
Thrombosis
Tissue plasminogen activator
Abstract in English
OBJECTIVE: To report a single center experience with thrombolytic therapy using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in neonates with severe thrombotic events, in terms of thrombus resolution and bleeding complications. METHODS: This retrospective study included 23 neonates with severe venous thrombotic events admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, identified in our pharmacy database from January 2001 to December 2016, and treated with rt-PA until complete or partial clot lysis, no-response or bleeding complications. Our primary outcome was thrombus resolution. RESULTS: Twenty-three neonates were treated with rt-PA for an average of 2.9 cycles. Nineteen patients (82.6%) had superior vena cava syndrome. All patients had a central venous catheter, parenteral nutrition, mechanical ventilation, and sepsis. Fifteen patients (65.2%) were extremely preterm, eleven (47.8%) were extremely low birth weight, and seven (30.4%) were very low birth weight. The patency rate was 86.9%, complete lysis occurred in 13 (56.5%) patients, and partial lysis in seven (30.4%). Minor bleeding occurred in five (21.7%) patients, four patients (17.3%) had clinically relevant non-major bleeding events and major bleeding occurred in six (26.0%) patients. CONCLUSION: In this study the rate of thrombus resolution in neonates treated with rt-PA were similar to the percentages reported in children and adolescents, with high rate of bleeding. Therefore, rt-PA thrombolytic therapy should only be considered as a treatment option for severe life-threatening thrombosis in premature neonates for whom the benefits of the thrombolytic treatment outweigh the risks of bleeding
 
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Publishing Date
2021-06-25
 
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