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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2023.tde-20022024-162743
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Carolina Alves Lamounier
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira da (President)
Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho
Adde, Fabiola Villac
Dolhnikoff, Marisa
Title in Portuguese
Distribuição das proteínas ECA2 e TMPRSS2 em amostras de pulmão de pacientes em faixa etária pediátrica
Keywords in Portuguese
COVID-19
ECA2
Envelhecimento
Histologia
Patologia
Pediatria
SARS-CoV-2
Sistema respiratório
TMPRSS2
Abstract in Portuguese
O SARS-CoV-2, vírus responsável pela COVID-19, necessita da protease transmembrana de serina 2 (TMPRSS2) e da enzima conversora de angiotensina 2 (ECA2) para entrar na célula hospedeira. Desde o início da pandemia, crianças apresentam, frequentemente, quadros menos graves e manifestações respiratórias mais leves quando infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2. O presente estudo avaliou a expressão dessas proteínas em sistema respiratório inferior, a fim de elucidar, em parte, o motivo da apresentação respiratória menos grave nesse grupo etário. Foram avaliadas 94 amostras de tecido pulmonar do acervo do Departamento de Patologia, da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, oriundas de pacientes com idades entre recém-nascidos até 95 anos de idade. A distribuição da expressão de ECA2 e TMPRSS2 em alvéolos e em alguns brônquios e bronquíolos foram avaliadas, por meio de imuno-histoquímica e de mapeamento quantitativo das imagens das lâminas digitalizadas. As expressões de ECA2 e TMPRSS2 no parênquima pulmonar das crianças foram maiores do que no dos adultos (p=0,015 e p=0,006, respectivamente), sendo a TMPRSS2 mais expressa no parênquima pulmonar das crianças (p=0,008) do que no dos idosos. Nas vias aéreas, a TMPRSS2 esteve mais presente nas vias aéreas cartilaginosas das crianças do que nas dos idosos (p=0,044). Análises de correlação revelaram que a expressão dessas duas proteínas no parênquima pulmonar diminui com o envelhecimento. Essa expressão maior no pulmão das crianças evidencia, portanto, a necessidade de mais pesquisas com foco na diferença de idade para entender o que é, realmente, responsável pela menor frequência de doença respiratória grave por SARS-CoV-2 nas crianças
Title in English
Distribution of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins in lung samples from pediatric patients
Keywords in English
Ageing
COVID-19
ECA2
Histology
Pathology
Pediatrics
Respiratory system
SARS-CoV-2
TMPRSS2
Abstract in English
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, requires the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter the host cell. Since the beginning of the pandemic, children have often presented with milder symptoms and less severe respiratory manifestations when infected with SARS-CoV-2. This present study assessed the expression of these proteins in the lower respiratory system in order to partially elucidate the reason for the less severe respiratory presentation in this age group. Ninety-four samples of lung tissue from the Department of Pathology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo were evaluated, originated from patients ranging in age from newborn to 95 years old. The distribution of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in alveoli and some bronchi and bronchioles was assessed through immunohistochemistry and quantitative mapping of digitized slide images. The expressions of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the lung parenchyma of children were higher than those in adults (p=0.015 and p=0.006, respectively), with TMPRSS2 being more expressed in the lung parenchyma of children (p=0.008) than in the elderly. In the airways, TMPRSS2 was more prevalent in the cartilaginous airways of children than in the elderly (p=0.044). Correlation analyses revealed that the expression of these two proteins in lung parenchyma decreases with aging. This higher expression in children's lungs highlights the need for further research focusing on age differences to understand what is truly responsible for the lower frequency of severe respiratory disease from SARS-CoV-2 in children\
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-01
 
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