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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2023.tde-19062023-170204
Document
Author
Full name
Lila Morena Bueno da Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Shinjo, Samuel Katsuyuki (President)
Aikawa, Nádia Emi
Araujo, Daniel Brito de
Hoff, Leonardo Santos
Title in Portuguese
Alta prevalência de padrão de miopatia necrosante em biópsias musculares de pacientes com síndrome antissintetase com autoanticorpos Anti-Jo-1 positivo
Keywords in Portuguese
Doenças autoimunes
Doenças raras
Histologia
Miosite
Necrose
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: A síndrome antissintetase (SAS) é uma miopatia autoimune sistêmica (MAS) definida pela presença de anticorpos Anti-aminoacil-tRNA sintetase (Anti-ARS). Clinicamente é caracterizada pela tríade clássica miosite, artrite e pneumopatia intersticial, associado ou não a hiperqueratose palmar (mãos de mecânio), fenômeno de Raynaud ou febre. O Anti-Jo-1 é o anticorpo mais comum e mais estudado em SAS e está relacionado a uma maior frequência de envolvimento articular e muscular, em comparação com pacientes Anti-Jo-1 negativos. Até o momento, não há um consenso na literarura sobre um padrão histológico muscular bem definido que caracterize a síndrome antissintetase. Objetivo: Analisar e caracterizar as biópsias musculares de pacientes com SAS e anticorpo Anti-Jo-1 positivo. Métodos: Este estudo de coorte retrospectivo incluiu pacientes adultos com diagnóstico de SAS e Anti-Jo-1 positivo admitidos para investigação da doença e obrigatoriamente com comprometimento muscular, no período de 2010 a 2021, cujos fragmentos de tecido muscular seriados foram analisados. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes ao diagnóstico da doença foi de 42,8±11,6 anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino. Em relação às biópsias musculares, os infiltrados celulares estiveram presentes em 76,9% das amostras, localizados principalmente na região endomisial (70%), com predomínio de macrófagos (92,9%). A necrose de fibras musculares esteve presente em 92,3%, sendo difusa em 54,2%. A expressão de MHC-I foi observada em todas as amostras. Destacou-se maior presença de macrófagos CD68+ e a persença discreta de células CD4+ e CD8+, o que é consistente com uma maior predominância de necrose observada e da predominância de infiltrado macrofágico. Em geral, 38,5% dos pacientes apresentavam padrão de miopatia necrosante nas biópsias musculares, enquanto 34,6% e 26,9% apresentavam padrão de miopatia inflamatória e miopatia inespecífica, respectivamente. O padrão de miopatia necrosante não foi associado à características demográficas, clínicas ou laboratoriais dentre a população estudada. Conclusões: Nossos dados mostram que quase 40% dos pacientes com SAS bem definida e Anti-Jo-1 positivo com comprometimento muscular objetivo apresentam um padrão de miopatia necrosante em suas biópsias musculares. Embora esse padrão seja mais classicamente relacionado a miopatias necrotizantes imunomediadas, em associação com manifestações clínicas e presença de autoanticorpos Anti-Jo-1, pode auxiliar no diagnóstico de SAS
Title in English
High prevalence of necrotizing myopathy pattern in muscle biopsies of patients with antisynthetase syndrome and positive Anti-Jo-1
Keywords in English
Autoimmune diseases
Histology
Myositis
Necrosis
Rare diseases
Abstract in English
Introduction: Antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) is a rare systemic autoimmune myopathy that is defined by the presence of Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (Anti-ARS) autoantibodies. Clinically, ASSD is characterized by myositis, arthritis, and interstitial pneumopathy, in addition to mechanics hands, Raynauds phenomenon, or fever. The Anti-Jo-1 is the most common and most studied antibody in ASSD and it is related to a higher frequency of joint and muscle involvement compared to Anti-Jo-1 negative patients. Until now, researchers have not provided a well-defined muscle histological pattern for antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD). Objective: We aimed to analyze and categorize the muscle biopsies of patients with Anti-Jo-1 ASSD. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult patients diagnosed with SAS and Anti-Jo-1 positive admitted for investigation of the disease and necessarily with muscle involvement, from 2010 to 2021, whose serial muscle tissue fragments were analyzed. Results: Patients mean age at disease diagnosis was 42.8±11.6 years, and the female gender was most predominant. Concerning muscle biopsies, cell infiltrates were present in 76.9% of the samples, and they were mainly located at the endomysial area (70%), with a predominance of macrophages (92.9%). Muscle fiber necrosis was present in 92.3% and was diffused in 54.2%. Expression of MHC-I was seen in all samples. Samples were mostly marked by the presence of CD68+ and discreet/low CD4+ and CD8+ staining, which is consistent with a higher predominance of observed necrosis and macrophage cell infiltrates. In general, 38.5% of patients had a necrotizing myopathy pattern in muscle biopsies, whereas 34.6% and 26.9% had a general inflammatory myopathy pattern and nonspecific myopathy, respectively. This necrotizing myopathy pattern was not associated with the demographic, clinical, or laboratory data. Conclusions: Our data show that almost 40% of patients with well-defined ASSD and Anti-Jo-1 positive with objective muscle impairment have a necrotizing myopathy pattern in their muscle biopsies. Although this pattern is more classically related to immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies, in association with clinical manifestations and the presence of Anti-Jo-1 autoantibodies, may subsidiary ASSD diagnosis
 
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Publishing Date
2023-07-04
 
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