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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2023.tde-16112023-174820
Document
Author
Full name
Carlos Eduardo Carvalho Martins
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Benatti, Fabiana Braga (President)
Bezerra, Rosângela Maria Neves
Shinjo, Samuel Katsuyuki
Lima, Vanessa Batista de Sousa
Title in Portuguese
Papel da carnosina na progressão do diabetes: um estudo com ratos knockout Carns1-/-
Keywords in Portuguese
Carnosina
Diabetes mellitus
Experimentação animal
Hiperglicemia
Músculo cardíaco
Músculo esquelético
Abstract in Portuguese
O dipeptídeo carnosina (beta-alanyl-L-histidina) apresenta algumas funções fisiológicas relevantes como tamponante intramuscular, ação antioxidante, capacidade de eliminação de produtos tóxicos da peroxidação lipídica, proteção contra glicação proteica, regulação do manejo e dos transientes de Ca2+ nos músculos estriados. Estudos em animais e em humanos, mostram efeitos positivos da suplementação de L-carnosina no diabetes mellitus, sugerindo uma promissora estratégia não farmacológica com propriedades antidiabéticas. Ainda assim, existe a premente necessidade de investigar se a ausência de carnosina endógena impacta as alterações metabólicas e tecidos em modelo animal de diabetes mellitus. Diante disso, esta tese apresenta um modelo com deleção do gene carnosina sintase 1 e animais induzidos por estreptozotocina (65 mg/kg). Quatro grupos compuseram o experimento: WT-Controle (n=8), KO-Controle (n=8), WT-diabético (n=7), e KO-diabético (n=7). Após oito semanas de experimentação, os animais foram avaliados em relação à glicemia e insulina de jejum, peso corporal, consumo de ração e ingestão de água, tolerância oral à glicose e à insulina, função cardíaca, função contrátil muscular e respiração mitocondrial nos cardiomiócitos. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por unpaired t test e ANOVA two-way e one-way, seguido de teste de comparação múltipla de Tukey. Os animais diabéticos, independentes do fator genótipo, comparados aos animais do grupo controle, apresentaram hiperglicemia sustentada, intolerância à glicose, prejuízo no ganho de peso, aumento no consumo de ração e ingestão de água, hipoinsulinemia, menor força de contração muscular tetânica e comprometimento da função sistólica ventricular, porém sem alteração da respiração mitocondrial cardíaca. Animais ausentes de carnosina, independentes do fator diabetes mellitus, tiveram baixa resistência à fadiga comparados aos animais selvagens. Notavelmente, os animais diabéticos ausentes de carnosina apresentaram piora na redução glicêmica comparados aos animais diabéticos selvagens em resposta à dose exógena de insulina. Portanto, existe um efeito sinérgico da carnosina endógena com a dose externa de insulina, embora, a nível estrutural e funcional da musculatura estriada, a ausência de carnosina em animais diabéticos não demonstrou efeito adverso
Title in English
Role of carnosine in diabetes progression: a study with Carns1-/- knockout rats
Keywords in English
Animal experimentation
Cardiac muscle
Carnosine
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperglycemia
Skeletal muscle
Abstract in English
The carnosine dipeptide (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) presents relevant physiological roles, including intramuscular buffering, antioxidant action, ability to eliminate toxic products of lipid peroxidation, protection against protein glycation, and regulation Ca2+ transients in striated muscles. Animal and human studies have shown positive effects of L-carnosine supplementation against diabetes mellitus, suggesting a promising non-pharmacological strategy with antidiabetic properties. Nevertheless, there is a demand in understanding whether the absence of endogenous carnosine impacts the metabolic changes and the tissue of animal models of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this work presents a model with deletion of the carnosine synthase 1 gene and diabetes induction by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). Four groups comprise the experiment: WT-Control (n=8), KO-Control (n=8), WT-Diabetic (n=7), and KODiabetic (n=7). After eight weeks of experiment, the animals were evaluated in terms of fasting glycemia and insulin, body weight, food and water intake, oral glucose and insulin tolerance, heart function, muscle contractile function, and mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyocytes. The outcome data were statistically analyzed by unpaired t-test, by two-way and one-way ANOVA, and by multiple comparison Tukey test. Diabetic animals, regardless of the genotype, compared to animals of the control group, showed constant hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, impaired weight gain, increased food and water intake, hypoinsulinemia, lower tetanic muscle contraction strength, and impaired ventricular systolic function with no change of the mitochondrial cardiac respiration. Animals lacking carnosine, regardless of the diabetes mellitus factor, showed lower resistance to fatigue compared to wild animals. Noticeably, diabetic animals lacking carnosine showed worse glycemic reduction compared to wild-type diabetic animals in response to the exogenous dose of insulin. Therefore, there is a synergistic effect of endogenous carnosine with the external dose of insulin, although, at the structural and functional level of the striated muscle, the absence of carnosine in diabetic animals did not demonstrate an adverse effect
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-23
 
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