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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2022.tde-13042023-131657
Document
Author
Full name
Mariane de Fátima Yukie Maeda
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Francisco, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira (President)
Agra, Isabela Karine Rodrigues
Andrade, Joelma Queiroz
Cabar, Fábio Roberto
Title in Portuguese
Transmissão vertical em gestantes não vacinadas com COVID-19: coorte prospectiva
Keywords in Portuguese
COVID-19
Doenças transmissíveis
Gestantes
Infecções
SARS-CoV-2 coronavírus
Transmissão vertical de doenças infecciosas
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: A infecção pelo Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) possui apresentação diferenciada e de maior gravidade em gestantes. Estudos publicados previamente sugerem baixo risco de transmissão vertical, porém, a literatura ainda é escassa e heterogênea. Objetivo: Avaliar a possibilidade de transmissão vertical em gestantes com COVID-19, bem como elucidar os fatores de risco associados a este desfecho. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo com gestantes sintomáticas e diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 (swab e/ou sorologia). Para todas as pacientes, foi realizado o RT-PCR para SARS-CoV-2 no soro materno no momento do parto e em uma ou mais amostras biológicas: sangue do cordão umbilical, líquido amniótico, colostro e/ou swab da orofaringe dos recém-nascidos. A fim de determinar possíveis fatores de risco de transmissão vertical, foi investigada a associação entre os parâmetros clínicos e obstétricos, e a presença de SARS-CoV-2 no sangue materno e nos compartimentos fetais (líquido amniótico e/ou sangue de cordão), bem como, a influência da positividade nos compartimentos com os desfechos neonatais. Resultados: Foram incluídas 109 gestantes no presente estudo. Todos os compartimentos estudados apresentaram resultados positivos para SARS-CoV-2, sugerindo a possibilidade de transmissão vertical. Dentre as pacientes estudadas, 14,7% (16/109) apresentaram RT-PCR positivo no sangue materno, 13,9% (6/43) no líquido amniótico, 6,7% (7/105) no sangue de cordão, 2,1% (2/97) no colostro e 3,7% (2/54) dos recém-nascidos apresentaram RT-PCR positivo após o nascimento. O intervalo entre o início dos sintomas de COVID-19 e o parto foi inversamente associado com a positividade para SARS-Cov-2 no sangue materno (p = 0,002) e nos compartimentos (p = 0,049). Da mesma forma, a presença de SARS-CoV-2 no sangue materno apresentou associação positiva com os resultados do RT-PCR realizados no líquido amniótico e/ou sangue de cordão no momento do parto (p = 0,001). Conclusões: A transmissão vertical é possível em gestantes com COVID-19, e o intervalo entre o início de sintomas e o parto é um fator de risco para tal desfecho
Title in English
Vertical transmission in unvaccinated pregnant women with COVID-19: a prospective cohort
Keywords in English
Communicable diseases
COVID-19
Infections
Infectious transmission vertical
Pregnant women
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus
Abstract in English
Background: There is still little data on the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the vertical transmission of the virus from the mother to her baby. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the potential for and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission. Methods: Cohort of pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis (positive swab and/or serology) and with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 performed in biological samples at delivery or after 48 hours after birth to determine the possible route of transmission. In all cases, RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was performed in maternal serum and in at least one of the following biological samples: cord blood, amniotic fluid or colostrum and/or the oropharyngeal swab of the neonates. The association of maternal and obstetrics parameters with positive maternal blood and amniotic fluid and/or cord blood at delivery and the influence of positive SARS-CoV-2 in these compartments on neonatal outcomes were investigated. Results: In total, 109 pregnant women were included. All compartments evaluated showed positive RT-PCR results for SARS-CoV-2, suggesting the possibility of vertical transmission. A positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was observed in 14.7% (16/109) maternal blood, 13.9% (6/43) amniotic fluid, 6.7% (7/105) cord blood, 2.1% (2/97) colostrums and 3.7% (2/54) neonatal swab. Duration of interval between COVID-19 symptoms to delivery was inversely associated with positive SARS-Cov-2 in the maternal blood (p= 0.002) and in the amniotic fluid and/or cord blood (p= 0.049). There was association between positive SARS-CoV-2 in maternal blood with positive SARS-CoV-2 in amniotic fluid and/or cord blood (p= 0.001). Conclusions:The findings support that vertical transmission can occur in pregnant women with COVID-19, and that a shorter interval between maternal symptoms and delivery is an influential factor
 
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Publishing Date
2023-04-17
 
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