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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2022.tde-26012023-184231
Document
Author
Full name
Daniel Hidalgo Lima
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Peres, Maria Fernanda Tourinho (President)
Assis, Simone Gonçalves de
Kiss, Ligia Bittencourt
Manitto, Alicia Matijasevich
Title in Portuguese
Associação entre clima escolar e sintomas de internalização entre adolescentes da cidade de São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescente
Clima escolar
Psicologia educacional
Saúde do adolescente
Saúde mental
Sintomas internalizantes
Abstract in Portuguese
A qualidade do ambiente escolar percebida pelos alunos, o clima escolar, vem sendo estudada há algumas décadas devido aos seus impactos em diferentes aspectos da vida dos estudantes. As relações melhor documentadas tanto nos estudos nacionais quanto internacionais são as que apontam que um bom clima escolar afeta positivamente os resultados acadêmicos dos alunos, tais como notas, engajamento e permanência na escola, e a relação protetiva do clima com relação à violência e ao bullying. Nas pesquisas internacionais, existe outro assunto bastante comum: o impacto do clima escolar na saúde mental dos alunos, mas no Brasil esse assunto ainda é muito pouco pesquisado. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre o clima escolar e os sintomas de internalização entre adolescentes do 9º ano do ensino fundamental de escolas da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de pesquisa de corte transversal vinculada ao projeto SP-Proso (Projeto São Paulo para o desenvolvimento social de crianças e adolescentes) e contou com base de dados de 2680 alunos, dos quais 2601 permaneceram para a amostra final que testou a associação entre clima escolar e sintomas internalizantes. Análise Fatorial Exploratória e confirmatória foram realizadas para validação do construto clima escolar. Modelos de equações estruturadas para investigar a associação entre clima escolar e sintomas de internalização foram criados para a amostra total e para ambos os sexos. Os resultados mostraram que, em sua maioria, os alunos da cidade de São Paulo gostam das suas escolas e tem uma visão positiva sobre seus professores, mas não consideram a instituição sempre justa no tratamento dispensado aos alunos e na aplicação das regras, também relataram episódios frequentes de violência, bullying e desordem no ambiente escolar. A maior parte dos alunos apresenta algum tipo de sintoma internalizante. Por fim, foi encontrada associação negativa e significante entre o clima escolar e sintomas de internalização, ou seja, uma melhor percepção do clima escolar está associada a menor ocorrência de sintomas internalizantes. Percebeu-se associação para ambos os sexos, embora a associação entre as meninas tenha sido mais forte. Tais resultados reforçam a importância de intervenções relacionadas ao clima escolar como forma de promover a saúde mental e o bem-estar de crianças e adolescentes
Title in English
Association between school climate and internalizing symptoms among adolescents in the city of São Paulo
Keywords in English
Adolescent
Adolescent health
educational
Internalizing symptoms
Mental health
Psychology
School climate
Abstract in English
The perception of the students about the school environment quality, the school climate, has been studied for some decades due to its impacts on different aspects of students' lives. The best-documented relationships in both national and international studies are those that indicate that a good school climate positively affects students' academic outcomes, such as grades, engagement, and stay in school, and the protective relationship of a good climate to violence and bullying. In international research, there is another very common subject: the impact of the school climate on the mental health of students, but in Brazil this subject is still very little researched. This research aimed to investigate the association between school climate and internalization symptoms among adolescents in the 9th grade of elementary school in schools in the city of São Paulo. This is a crosssectional research linked to the SP-Proso project (São Paulo Project for the social development of children and adolescents) and had a database of 2680 students of which 2601 remained for the final sample that tested the association between school climate and internalizing symptoms. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were run to validate the construct school climate. Structural equation models to test the association between School climate and internalizing symptoms were run for the whole sample and for both sexes separately. The results showed that, for the most part, students in the city of São Paulo like their schools and have a positive view of their teachers, but they do not consider the institution always fair in the way it treats them and in the application of rules. They also report frequent occurrences of violence, bullying and disorder in the school environment. Most students have some type of internalizing symptom. Finally, a negative and significant association was found between the school climate and internalizing symptoms, in other words, a better perception of the school climate is associated with a lower occurrence of internalizing symptoms. An association was observed for both sexes, although the association among girls was stronger. These results reinforce the importance of interventions related to the school climate as a way to promote the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents
 
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Publishing Date
2023-05-16
 
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