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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2023.tde-19102023-124722
Document
Author
Full name
Dahra Teles Soares Cruz
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Dinardo, Carla Luana (President)
Caselli, Paula Fraiman Blatyta
Silva, Cecília Salete Alencar da
Silva, Tassila Patricia Salomon
Title in Portuguese
Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes com hemoglobinopatia SC: estudo de coorte prospectivo multicêntrico
Keywords in Portuguese
Anemia falciforme
Doença da hemoglobina SC
Hemoglobina falciforme
Hemoglobinopatia SC
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: A doença falciforme (DF) é caracterizada pela presença da hemoglobina S e representa um grupo heterogêneo de hemoglobinopatias que possui, como principal representante, a anemia falciforme (AF). Apesar de ser a segunda apresentação mais frequente, a maior parte dos dados clínicos relacionados à doença da hemoglobina SC (HbSC) é obtida a partir da extrapolação de estudos de pacientes com AF. As particularidades moleculares da HbSC estão relacionadas à menor tendência à polimerização da hemoglobina, menos hemólise e, consequentemente, menor ocorrência de complicações clínicas agudas e crônicas da doença. Objetivos: descrever o perfil demográfico, clínico e laboratorial de pacientes com HbSC e avaliar o risco desses pacientes desenvolverem complicações clínicas relacionadas à DF em relação a pacientes de outros genótipos. Metodologia: Estudo do tipo coorte que incluiu 2793 pacientes com doença falciforme acompanhados em seis hemocentros brasileiros participantes do projeto The Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation (REDS-III SCD Brazil). O grupo de pacientes HbSC foi comparado ao grupo de pacientes não HbSC com relação às principais variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais relacionadas às complicações da DF. Resultados: a prevalência de HbSC foi de 23% (644 pacientes) e este grupo (de pacientes HbSC) apresentou mais altos níveis de hemoglobina e menores níveis de volume corpuscular médio, contagem de leucócitos, plaquetas e reticulócitos, hemoglobina fetal, ferritina, bilirrubinas total, direta e indireta quando comparado a pacientes não HbSC (todos com p<0.001). Acerca das complicações clínicas, pacientes com HbSC apresentaram menor taxa de hospitalização (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.60; 0.82), menos hospitalização por crise álgica (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.57 ; 0.81), menor ocorrência de síndrome torácica aguda (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.69; 0.89) e de úlcera na perna (RR 0.13, 95% CI 0.06; 0.22). Por outro lado, esses pacientes apresentam maior risco de desenvolver retinopatia proliferativa da doença falciforme (RR 2.01 95% CI 1.45; 2.77). Conclusão: pacientes com hemoglobinopatia SC apresentam menos complicações agudas e crônicas da doença falciforme, o que pode ser explicado pela menor ocorrência de hemólise e inflamação nessa população. No entanto, a retinopatia proliferativa da doença falciforme, que está mais prevalente nesses pacientes, provavelmente está relacionada aos maiores valores de hemoglobina basal
Title in English
Clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with SC hemoglobinopathy: a multicenter prospective cohort study
Keywords in English
Anemia sickle cell
Hemoglobin sickle
Hemoglobina SC disease
Hemoglobinopathy SC
Abstract in English
Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S and represents a heterogeneous group of hemoglobinopathies, with sickle cell anemia (SCA) being the main representative. Although it is the second most frequent presentation, most clinical data related to sickle cell-HbC disease (HbSC) is obtained by extrapolating studies from patients with SCA. The molecular peculiarities of HbSC are related to a lower tendency to polymerize, less hemolysis, and consequently, a lower occurrence of acute and chronic clinical complications. Objectives: describing the demographic, clinical, and laboratory profile of patients with HbSC and to evaluate the risk of these patients developing clinical complications related to SCD compared to patients with other genotypes. Methodology: this was a cohort study that included 2793 patients with sickle cell disease who were followed up in six Brazilian blood centers participating in the project "The Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation (REDS-III SCD Brazil)." The HbSC patient group was compared to the non-HbSC patient group regarding the main clinical and laboratory variables related to SCD complications. Results: the prevalence of HbSC was 23% (644 patients), and this group had higher levels of hemoglobin, lower mean corpuscular volume, leukocyte count, platelets, reticulocytes, fetal hemoglobin, ferritin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin when compared to non- HbSC patients (all with p<0.001). Regarding clinical complications, patients with HbSC had lower rates of hospitalization (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.60; 0.82), less hospitalization for painful crisis (RR 0.68,95% CI 0.57; 0.81), less occurrence of acute chest syndrome (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.69; 0.89) and leg ulcer (RR 0.13, 95% CI 0.06; 0.22). On the other hand, these patients had a higher risk of developing proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (RR 2.01, 95% CI 1.45; 2.77). Conclusion: patients with HbSC have fewer acute and chronic complications of SCD, which can be explained by the lower occurrence of hemolysis and inflammation in this population. However, proliferative sickle cell retinopathy, which is more prevalent in these patients, is likely related to higher baseline hemoglobin values
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-08
 
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