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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2023.tde-20092023-105324
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Athayde Amin
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Quaresma, Juarez Antônio Simões (President)
Carneiro, Francisca Regina Oliveira
Fuzil, Hellen Thais
Pagliari, Carla
Title in Portuguese
Imunopatologia da doença de Hansen: caracterização do padrão de resposta imune local através da técnica de sequenciamento de última geração (NGS)
Keywords in Portuguese
Citocinas
Hanseníase
Imunologia
Receptores de citocinas
Sequenciamento de Nova Geração
Abstract in Portuguese
A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa, granulomatosa causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae. Sua imunopatogênese, manifestada no(s) sítio(s) patológico(s) do tecido acometido, é um processo complexo, particularmente à luz da notável heterogeneidade de subconjuntos de células T envolvidas. Este estudo avaliou a resposta imunológica das formas polares, no contexto da hanseníase, utilizando a técnica de Sequenciamento de Nova Geração (NGS). Foram avaliadas as expressões gênicas de citocinas e receptores associados, em amostras de lesões obtidas a partir de sete biópsias de pele (três derivadas de pacientes com a forma tuberculóide e 4 derivadas de pacientes com a forma Virchowiana), com o fim de comparativamente caracterizar o padrão de resposta imune tecidual nas formas clínicas polares da hanseníase. Na forma Virchowiana, observamos expressão diferenciada das seguintes citocinas: IL18BP, IL10, IL-4I1, IL-27, TGF1, IL-18 e IL-16. Os genes de receptores mais expressos na forma Virchowiana foram: IL-10RA e IL-10 RB, IL-5RA, IL-12RB1, IL-2RG, IL-2RB, IL17RA e IL-4R. Na forma tuberculóide, foram observadas com maior expressão as citocinas: IL-13, IL-36G, IL11, IL-12B, IL-21, IL-17B, IL-17D, IL15, TGF3, IL7 e IL-23A. Os genes de receptores mais expressos na forma tuberculóide foram: IL-17REL, IL-17-RE, IL-23R, IL-1R1, IL-1R2, IL-18R1, IL-7R, IL-13RA2 e IL-2RB, IL-2RG e IL-12RB1. Nossos resultados nos permitiram a construção de um painel contendo as citocinas e seus receptores mais fortemente expressos em cada forma polar. Estes achados, em grande monta, corroboraram com a literatura prévia, além de demonstrarem citocinas ainda não implicadas anteriormente com a hanseníase, tais como a IL-11. Também observamos a expressão diferenciada de citocinas, como a IL-17, que agem como importante mediador inflamatório, o que abre a possibilidade terapêutica envolvendo tratamento de estados de hiper inflamação, como é o caso das reações hansênicas. Desta forma, tomados em conjunto, os resultados deste estudo podem ajudar no entendimento dos mecanismos subjacentes à resposta imune dos pacientes, assim como no desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas
Title in English
Immunopathlogy of leprosy: local immune response patterns deciphered using New Generation Sequencing
Keywords in English
Citokines
Immunology
Leprosy
Next Generation Sequencing
Receptors citokines
Abstract in English
Leprosy is an infectious, granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Its immunopathogenesis, manifested in the pathological site(s) of the affected tissue, is a complex process, particularly considering the remarkable heterogeneity of subsets of T cells involved. This study evaluated the immune response of the polar forms, in the context of leprosy, using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technique. Gene expressions of cytokines and associated receptors were evaluated in samples of lesions obtained from seven skin biopsies (three from patients with the tuberculoid form and four from patients with the Virchowian form), to comparatively characterize the tissue immune response pattern in polar clinical forms of leprosy. In the Virchowian form, we observed differentiated expression of the following cytokines: IL18BP, IL10, IL-4I1, IL-27, TGF1, IL-18, and IL-16. The most expressed receptor genes in the Virchowian form were IL-10RA and IL-10 RB, IL-5RA, IL-12RB1, IL-2RG, IL-2RB, IL17RA and IL-4R. In the tuberculoid form, the following cytokines were observed with greater expression: IL-13, IL-36G, IL11, IL-12B, IL-21, IL-17B, IL-17D, IL15, TGF3, IL7 and IL-23A. The most expressed receptor genes in the tuberculoid form were IL-17REL, IL-17-RE, IL-23R, IL-1R1, IL-1R2, IL-18R1, IL-7R, IL-13RA2 and IL-2RB, IL -2RG and IL-12RB1. Our results allowed us to construct a panel containing the cytokines and their receptors most strongly expressed in each polar form. These findings, to a large extent, corroborate the previous literature, in addition to demonstrating cytokines not previously implicated in leprosy, such as IL-11. We also observed the differentiated expression of cytokines, such as IL-17, which act as an important inflammatory mediator, which opens the therapeutic possibility involving the treatment of hyper-inflammatory states, as is the case of leprosy reactions. Thus, taken together, the results of this study may help in understanding the mechanisms underlying the immune response of patients, as well as in the development of new therapeutic strategies
 
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Publishing Date
2023-10-10
 
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