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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2023.tde-25092023-143223
Document
Author
Full name
Luciano de Moura Santos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Abizaid, Alexandre Antonio Cunha (President)
Costa, Ricardo Alves da
Monte, Guilherme Urpia
Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa
Title in Portuguese
Razão de fluxo quantitativo (QFR) na avaliação do significado funcional de estenoses de artérias coronárias: análise comparativa com a cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica
Keywords in Portuguese
Angiografia coronária
Cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica
Doença da artéria coronariana
Isquemia miocárdica
Razão de fluxo quantitativo
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: A razão de fluxo quantitativo (QFR) demonstrou ser uma ferramenta valiosa para a avaliação da isquemia coronariana específica do vaso e para orientar a intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP). Por outro lado, o significado prognóstico da isquemia coronariana não invasiva tem sido questionado em estudos recentes. Poucos estudos tentaram estabelecer uma relação entre o QFR e exames de perfusão miocárdica não invasivos. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores relacionados à concordância/discordância do QFR e da cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica (CPM) regional. Adicionalmente, pretendemos avaliar o impacto prognóstico de diferentes índices relacionados à carga isquêmica e aterosclerótica. Métodos: Avaliamos retrospectivamente pacientes consecutivos submetidos à angiografia coronária invasiva (ACI) eletiva e CPM em um intervalo máximo de 3 meses. Os valores off-line do QFR foram calculados e a porcentagem do defeito de perfusão na CPM foi determinada por paciente e por território vascular. A concordância e discordância entre os valores de QFR e a presença ou ausência de defeitos de perfusão na CPM foram avaliadas. Os territórios vasculares foram considerados concordantes se QFR0,80 e o summed stress score (SSS) 4 ou se QFR>0,80 e SSS<4 na CPM. Por outro lado, territórios vasculares foram considerados discordantes se QFR0,80 e SSS<4 ou se QFR>0,80 e SSS4 na CPM. Os pacientes foram classificados em quatro grupos de acordo com a concordância entre os três territórios coronarianos. Além disso, os seguintes índices prognósticos foram avaliados: escore de Leaman, escore de Leaman funcional e defeito de perfusão identificado pela CPM. Resultados: Um total de 670 pacientes e 2.010 territórios coronários foram analisados por QFR e CPM. A média de idade foi de 61,9±10,8 anos e 40,9% eram diabéticos. A concordância entre os dois métodos foi a seguinte: total concordância (n=348, 51,9%), concordância parcial (n=226, 33,8%), concordância inadequada (n=79, 11,8%) e total discordância (n=17, 2,5%). Pela ACI, 35,7% apresentavam-se sem doença arterial coronariana (DAC) significativa. A grande maioria da total concordância ocorreu em pacientes sem DAC/doença uniarterial (83,3%) e em territórios vasculares predominantemente sem defeitos de perfusão na CPM (90,7%). Na análise multivariada, ICP prévia (OR: 2,62, IC 95%: 1,544,42, p<0,01), fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (OR: 0,98, IC 95%: 0,970,99, p=0,03) e a presença de DAC biarterial (OR:8,65, IC 95%: 4,0618,40, p<0,01) e triarterial (OR:12,72, IC 95%: 5,6128,90; p<0,01) foram identificados como preditores independentes de concordância inadequada/total discordância entre QFR e CPM. Após 1.400 dias (tempo mediano de seguimento), o escore de Leaman funcional baseado no QFR forneceu a melhor estratificação de risco para eventos maiores (Log-rank p = 0,0056, HR 2,86: 1,43 5,72). O escore de Leaman anatômico e o defeito de perfusão identificado pela CPM não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tercis. Conclusões: Nesta comparação vasoespecífica (QFR) versus isquemia regional (CPM), os preditores de discordância foram relacionados a um perfil de alto risco, incluindo doença multiarterial, ICP prévia e FEVE. Nossos achados sugerem que a avaliação funcional baseada no QFR combinada com a avaliação anatômica fornece a melhor estratificação de risco para óbito por todas as causas/infarto agudo do miocárdio. Esses achados sugerem que o QFR e o MPS podem fornecer informações distintas sobre a discriminação prognóstica
Title in English
Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in assessing the functional significance of coronary artery stenoses: comparative analysis with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
Keywords in English
Coronary angiography
Coronary artery disease
Myocardial ischemia
Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
Quantitative flow ratio
Abstract in English
Background: Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) has been demonstrated to be a valuable tool for vessel-specific coronary ischemia assessment and guiding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Conversely, the prognostic significance of non-invasive coronary ischemia has been questioned in recent studies. Few studies have attempted to establish a relationship between QFR and non-invasive myocardial perfusion imaging. Aims: to evaluate the factors related with concordance/discordance of QFR and regional myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS). Also, we aim to evaluate the prognostic impact of different indices related to ischemic and atherosclerotic burden. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients who underwent elective invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and MPS within a maximum interval of 3 months. Offline QFR values were calculated and the percentage of perfusion defect on MPS was determined per patient and per vascular territory. The concordance and discordance between the QFR values and the presence or absence of perfusion defects on MPS were evaluated for each patient. Vascular territories were considered concordant if QFR0.80 and the summed stress score (SSS) 4 or if QFR>0.80 and SSS<4 on MPS. Conversely, vascular territories were considered discordant if QFR 0.80 and SSS<4 or if QFR>0.80 and SSS4 on MPS. Patients were classified into four groups according to the concordance between the three coronary territories. In addition, the following prognostic indices were evaluated: Leaman score, functional Leaman score and perfusion defect on MPS. Results: A total of 670 patients, 2010 coronary territories were analyzed by both, QFR and MPS. The mean age was 61.9±10.8 years old and 40.9% had diabetes. The concordance between the two methods was the following: total concordance (n=348, 51.9%), partial concordance (n=226, 33.8%), poor concordance (n=79, 11.8%) and total discordance (n=17, 2,5%). According to the ICA, 35.7% had non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). The vast majority of total concordance occurred in patients with no CAD/single-vessel disease (83.3%) and vascular territories predominantly without perfusion defects on MPS (90.7%). In the multivariate analysis, previous PCI (OR: 2.62, 95%CI: 1.544.42, p<0.01), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.970.99, p=0.03), and the presence of two-vessel CAD (OR:8.65, 95%CI: 4.0618.40, p<0.01) and three-vessel CAD (OR:12.72, 95%CI: 5.6128.90; p<0.01) were identified as independent predictors of poor concordance/total discordance between QFR and MPS. After 1400 days (median follow-up time) the QFR-based Functional Leaman Score terciles provided the best risk stratification for all-cause death and myocardial infarction (Log-rank p=0.0056, HR 2.86: 1.43-5.72). The purely anatomical Leaman score and perfusion defects on MPS did not show significant differences among terciles. Conclusions: In this comparison between vessel-specific (QFR) versus regional ischemia (MPS), total concordance occurred slightly more than half of the patients. The predictors of discordance were related to a high-risk profile, including multivessel disease, previous PCI, and LVEF. Our findings suggest that QFR-based functional assessment combined with myocardial at risk (QFR-based Leaman Score) provides the best risk stratification for all-cause death and myocardial infarction. These findings suggest that QFR and MPS may provide distinct information on prognostic discrimination
 
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Publishing Date
2023-10-10
 
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