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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.48.2022.tde-17032022-110235
Document
Author
Full name
Gustavo Oliveira Pugliese
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Vinicio de Macedo (President)
Fanizzi, Sueli
Galletti, Rebeca Chiacchio Azevedo Fernandes
Jesus, Humberto Luis de
Maia, Marina Campos de Avelar
Title in Portuguese
STEM education no contexto das reformas educacionais: os efeitos das políticas de educação globalizantes no currículo e na profissionalização docente
Keywords in Portuguese
Currículo
Ensino de ciências
Políticas educacionais
Profissionalização docente
STEM education
Abstract in Portuguese
STEM education (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) é um movimento educacional em evidência nas últimas duas décadas e com marcas típicas de uma concepção de escola voltada para o mercado de trabalho e para a prosperidade econômica das nações. Identificamos que a maneira pela qual o movimento STEM education e outras tendências têm se manifestado no Brasil é consequência da nova forma de governança educacional imposta por organizações internacionais e pelos chamados Think Tanks da educação. Além disso, o movimento STEM education tem relação com uma conjuntura de reformas que tomou força a partir das avaliações do PISA e da atuação da OCDE, o GERM (Global Educational Reform Movement), no qual questões educacionais locais são encaminhadas por instituições internacionais e tratadas como globais. Partimos do referencial teórico em sociologia da educação e em estudos do currículo para realizar uma pesquisa descritiva, na qual avaliamos as relações do STEM education com o PISA e também os efeitos do STEM education no contexto brasileiro. Observamos que há neste contexto uma tendência de universalização do currículo, de forma que é negada a participação dos professores em sua construção e implementação e, além disso, as necessidades individuais dos estudantes são estabelecidas por atores alheios à escola e suas demandas. Observamos também que ocorrem ressignificações sobre a docência, de modo que o (a) professor (a) se vê sujeito a um sistema de competição; de dataficação dos estudantes; e de um sistema que naturaliza as condições de trabalho precárias para exigir cada vez mais que ele (a) atue sem autonomia e envolvimento no processo educativo.
Title in English
STEM education in the context of educational reforms: the effects of globalizing education policies on curriculum and teacher professionalization
Keywords in English
Curriculum
Educational policies
Science education
STEM education
Teacher professionalism
Abstract in English
STEM education (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) is an educational movement in evidence in the last two decades and has typical traits of a concept of school focused on the labor market and nations' economic prosperity. We have identified that the forms in which the STEM education movement and other trends have manifested themselves in Brazil is a consequence of the new form of educational governance imposed by international organizations and the Think Tanks of education. In addition, the STEM education movement is part of a broader context of educational reforms that have taken shape since the PISA evaluations and the OECDs influence upon educational policies. Or, what is known as the GERM (Global Educational Reform Movement), a movement in which local educational issues are referred by international institutions and treated as global. We use the theoretical framework provided by the sociology of education and curriculum studies to conduct a descriptive research, in which we evaluate the relations between STEM education and PISA, as well as the effects of STEM education in the Brazilian context. We observed that in this context there is an inclination to universalize the curriculum, in a way that teachers are not supposed to participate nor interfere in the curriculum. Moreover, the individual necessities of students are established by actors unrelated to the school and its demands. We also observe that there are resignifications about what it means to be a teacher, in a way that the teacher is subjected to a system of competition; of students "datafication"; and of a system that naturalizes precarious working conditions in order to increasingly demand that the teacher performs without autonomy and involvement in the educational process.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-03-18
 
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