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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.48.2022.tde-18012023-121206
Document
Author
Full name
Carlos Cesar Almeida Furquim Pereira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Sofiato, Cassia Geciauskas (President)
Almeida Neto, Antonio Simplicio de
Biccas, Maurilane de Souza
Bueno, José Geraldo Silveira
Toledo, Maria Rita de Almeida
Title in Portuguese
As escolas de surdos na cidade de São Paulo: cultura escolar, história e representações (1929-1969)
Keywords in Portuguese
Cultura escolar
Escolas de surdos na cidade de São Paulo no século XX
História cultural
História da educação de surdos
Representações
Abstract in Portuguese
A pesquisa discute o surgimento e as transformações na cultura escolar das três instituições voltadas para o público surdo da cidade de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1929 e 1969. Assim como problematiza as narrativas sobre a História da Educação de Surdos que envolvem essas escolas, as representações sobre o passado constantes nelas e os seus impactos na historiografia correspondente. Essas representações são elemento e produto da cultura escolar das mencionadas instituições. O estudo fez o cotejamento da análise das fontes, envolvendo registros escolares e publicações em jornais sobre essas instituições, com os estudos culturais circunscritos no campo da história da educação, desenvolvidos por Michael de Certeau, Roger Chartier, AnneMarie Chartier, Jean Hébrard, Antonio Viñao Frago e Dominique Julia. A tese revelou que no início do século XX a missão social de educar surdos foi atribuída às escolas especializadas e envolvia, sobretudo, desenvolver a linguagem oral, instruir, socializar e profissionalizar esses sujeitos, a fim de torná-los produtivos no coletivo. A cultura escolar do Instituto Santa Teresinha, fundado em 1929, foi se consolidando a partir da década de 1940 e apresentava características religiosas, por meio das estratégias institucionais que visavam à formação cristã dos estudantes. Houve transformações nessa cultura, nos modos de instrução e de comunicação, principalmente a partir da década de 1950, com a inserção de nova materialidade nas salas de aulas e com dinâmicas específicas do ensino acústico, que resultaram no aumento do tempo de permanência dos alunos no curso primário, mais do que o dobro das escolas regulares. A Escola Municipal de Surdos iniciou o atendimento às pessoas com surdez no ano de 1952. A sua cultura escolar apresentava marcantes características profissionalizantes, levando em consideração quem era o seu público principal, os surdos das camadas mais pobres da cidade. Para eles, havia a preocupação social de regenerá-los moralmente para exercerem um ofício. O Instituto Educacional São Paulo foi fundado em 1954, e era direcionado aos surdos da elite paulistana. A sua cultura escolar apresentava como mais importante característica a preparação para a formação continuada dos seus estudantes, o que correspondia às expectativas de suas famílias.
Title in English
Deaf schools in the city of São Paulo: school culture, history and representations (1929- 1969)
Keywords in English
Cultural history
Deaf schools in the city of São Paulo in the 20th century
History of education of the deaf
Representations
School culture
Abstract in English
This study discusses the emergence and the transformations within their school culture of three institutions aimed the deaf public in the city of São Paulo, between 1929 and 1969. It also problematizes the narratives about the History of Education of the Deaf regarding such schools, the representations of the past contained in them, and their impacts on the corresponding historiography. These representations are both element and product of the school culture in the aforementioned institutions. The research collates the analysis of the sources, including school records and newspaper stories about these institutions, with the cultural studies circumscribed in the field of the history of education, developed by Michael de Certeau, Roger Chartier, AnneMarie Chartier, Jean Hébrard, Antonio Viñao Frago, and Dominique Julia. The thesis has revealed that at the beginning of the 20th century the social mission of educating the deaf was assigned to specialized schools and the major demand was to develop oral language, to instruct, socialize, and professionalize those individuals, in order to make them productive in the community. The school culture at Institute Santa Teresinha, founded in 1929, had been consolidating since the 1940´s and had religious characteristics, by means of institutional strategies which were aimed at the Christian formation of students. There were changes in such culture, in the modalities of instruction and communication, especially from the 1950´s on, when a new materiality was introduced in the classrooms and with specific dynamics of acoustic teaching, which resulted in an increased permanence of students in the elementary course, more than twice the time in regular schools. The Municipal School of the Deaf started serving people with deafness in 1952. Its school culture had remarkable professionalizing characteristics, taking into consideration who its main public was: deaf people from the poorest sectors of the city. For them, there was a social concern of having them morally regenerated so that they would be able to perform a craft. The São Paulo Educational Institute, founded in 1954, was aimed at the deaf members of the city´s elite. The major characteristic of its school culture was the preparation for the continued formation of its students, which corresponded to the expectancies of those students´ families.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-01-27
 
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