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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.48.2020.tde-29092020-155427
Document
Author
Full name
David Figueiredo de Almeida
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Pataca, Ermelinda Moutinho (President)
Figueirôa, Sílvia Fernanda de Mendonça
Fraile, Ofelia Ortega
Gallois, Dominique Tilkin
Tostes, Jose Alberto
Title in Portuguese
Relatos sobre a vila minerária de Serra do Navio: controle médico, vigilância social e controvérsias ambientais
Keywords in Portuguese
Ambiente
Biopolítica
Teoria ator-rede
Vigilância
Abstract in Portuguese
No final dos anos 1950, a mineradora ICOMI (Indústria e Comércio de Minérios S. A.) construiu a Vila de Serra do Navio em uma clareira na Floresta Amazônica (Amapá), para abrigar funcionários e suas famílias. O propósito da mineradora era extrair e comercializar milhões de toneladas de manganês durante as próximas quatro décadas. Diante disso, a mineradora enfrentou vários problemas. O maior deles talvez tenha sido como manter milhares de trabalhadores e suas famílias habitando as proximidades das minas, em um local pouco conhecido da Floresta Amazônica?. No presente trabalho, interpretamos interações entre a mineradora e a população da Vila de Serra do Navio. Para tanto, entrevistamos ex-funcionários, descendentes de ex-funcionários e habitantes antigos da região. Também, realizamos observações diretas para registrar alguns acontecimentos. Os entrevistados relataram estratégias da mineradora que contribuíram para elevar o padrão de vida da população da Vila de Serra do Navio durante a extração do manganês, mas demonstraram descontentamento frente à situação de quase abandono da vila na atualidade. Tanto nas entrevistas como nas observações diretas, emergiram inúmeros atores heterogêneos, como médicos, vigilantes, acácias, eucaliptos, lagoas, insetos, caminhões, minérios, um parque nacional, outras mineradoras. Interpretamos as interações entre a ICOMI e a população sob a ótica do biopoder de Foucault. Leituras sobre a Teoria Ator-Rede de Bruno Latour ajudaram a reconhecer tanto as ações de seres humanos quanto de outros tipos de atores. A conclusão aponta a contextos mais abrangentes, dentre os quais a importância de investimentos que reduzam os riscos à vida das populações humanas da Amazônia e as implicações socioambientais da criação de cidades empresariais e de parques nacionais.
Title in English
Accounts about the mining village in Serra do Navio: medical control, social surveillance and environmental controversies
Keywords in English
Actor-network theory
Biopolitics
Environment
Surveillance
Abstract in English
By the late 1950 s, mining company ICOMI (Indústria e Comércio de Minérios S. A.) constructed the Village of Serra do Navio in a clearing area in Amazon Forest (state of Amapá), to house employees and their families. The purpose of the mining company was to mine and trade millions of tons of manganese over the next four decades. In view of that, the mining company faced several problems. The greatest problem was maybe how to keep thousands of workers and their families living near the mines, in a little -known area of in the Amazon Forest?. In this study, we interpret the interactions between the mining company and the population of Vila de Serra do Navio. For such, former employees, descendants of former employees and old residents in the area were interviewed. In addition, direct observation was conducted to record some events. Interviewees reported strategies of the mining company that contributed to upgrade the life standard of the peopling living in Vila de Serra do Navio while manganese was being extracted, but they have shown discontent regarding the situation of almost neglect of the village nowadays Both in the interviews and in the direct observation, several heterogenous actors emerged such as doctors, security guards, acacias, eucalyptus, ponds, insects, trucks, ores, a national park, other mining companies. We have interpreted the interactions between ICOMI and the population from the viewpoint of Foucault s biopower. Readings form the Actor-Network Theory by Bruno Latour helped acknowledge both the actions of the human beings and other types of actors. Conclusion points out more comprehensive contexts, including the importance of investments to reduce life hazards faced by human populations in the Amazonia and the socio- environmental effects caused when national parks and business towns are settled.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-10-28
 
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