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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.47.2022.tde-16112022-190314
Document
Author
Full name
Julia de Omena Gomes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Mauro, Patricia Izar (President)
Japyassú, Hilton Ferreira
Ueno, Adriana Sicuto de Oliveira
Title in Portuguese
Ontogenia da personalidade social de macacos-prego (Sapajus libidinosus) selvagens durante os três primeiros anos de vida
Keywords in Portuguese
Cebinae
Comportamento social
Desenvolvimento
Primatas
Abstract in Portuguese
Para animais sociais, o desenvolvimento das diversas formas de interação com seus coespecíficos é fundamental para o indivíduo se estabelecer em sociedade, sobreviver e se reproduzir. O estudo da ontogenia da personalidade social pode contribuir para a investigação de como fatores afetam a variação de sistemas sociais. Utilizando como modelo o macacoprego (Sapajus libidinosus), um primata neotropical com comportamento social e capacidade cognitiva complexos, o atual estudo tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento da personalidade de imaturos no eixo da sociabilidade, utilizando recortes que vão do nascimento até o terceiro ano de vida. A população estudada de S. libidinosus forma grupos multi-macho e multi-fêmea, que habitam a Fazenda Boa Vista, Gilbués PI, no Nordeste do Brasil. Os grupos são habituados aos pesquisadores e os macacos são individualmente reconhecidos. Utilizando o software Observer XT 15, foram codificadas 94 horas de filmagens de 12 imaturos (6 machos e 6 fêmeas). As análises dos dados foram feitas utilizando os programas Excel, SPSS Statistics e a linguagem de programação R no ambiente RStudio. Foram utilizados modelos lineares generalizados mistos (GLMM) para verificar a repetibilidade dos comportamentos com o objetivo de analisar se havia consistência intraindividual ao longo do desenvolvimento e se havia diferenças interindividuais significativas. Obtivemos dados que indicam que os indivíduos da FBV exibem alta variação na emissão dos comportamentos no início da infância; houve baixa repetibilidade e alta variação intraindividual durante os três primeiros anos de vida destes indivíduos, indicando que a personalidade social não se consolida neste período. Fêmeas imaturas foram mais sociáveis que machos imaturos, apesar de ambos os sexos receberam comportamentos sociais em taxas semelhantes. A alta plasticidade comportamental no eixo social da personalidade é resultado de fatores não apenas intrínsecos aos sujeitos, sendo influenciada pelo ambiente e modificada ao longo do desenvolvimento. A alta sociabilidade de fêmeas na infância pode estar relacionada a filopatria de fêmeas e a sociabilidade das mesmas na vida adulta
Title in English
Ontogenesis of the social personality of wild capuchin monkeys
Keywords in English
Cebinae
Development
Primates
Social behavior
Abstract in English
In social animals, the development of the various forms of social interaction with conspecifics is fundamental for the individual to survive and to reproduce. The study of the ontogeny of social personality can contribute to an investigation of how ecological pressures contribute to them formation of social systems. By utilizing capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus), a neotropical primate with complex social behavior and high cognitive capacity, as a model, the current study aims to analyze the development of personality on the axis of sociability of immature individuals, in time samples ranging from birth to the third year of life. The population studied has wild monkeys in groups with infants, juveniles and adults of both sexes, they inhabit Fazenda Boa Vista, Gilbués PI. The groups are habituated to the researchers and the monkeys are individually recognized. Using the Observer XT 15 software, 94 hours of footage of 12 immature animals (6 males and 6 females) were coded. Data analysis were performed using Excel, SPSS Statistics and the R programming language on RStudio. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to verify the repeatability of behaviors in order to analyze whether there is intra-individual consistency throughout development and whether there are significant inter-individual differences. We obtained data that indicate that the individuals of the FBV exhibit high variation in the emission of behaviors on the beginning of infancy; there was low repeatability and high intra-individual variation during the first three years of life of these individuals, indicating that the social personality is not consolidated in this period. Immature females were more sociable than immature males, although both sexes received social behaviors at similar rates. The high behavioral plasticity in the social axis of personality is the result of factors not only intrinsic to the subjects, but also are influenced by the environment and modified throughout development. The high sociability of females in infancy may be related to the philopatry of females and their high sociability in adulthood
 
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Release Date
2024-11-24
Publishing Date
2022-11-28
 
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