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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.46.1976.tde-13042012-161658
Document
Author
Full name
Roberto Tokoro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1976
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Estudos sobre a redução polarográfica de ácido azotídrico e das condições de aparecimento de ondas catalíticas
Keywords in Portuguese
Ácido azotídrico
Método polarográfico
Ondas catalíticas
Redução polarográfica
Abstract in Portuguese
A redução polarográfica de ácido azotídrico, HN3, se da com formação de NH+4 como produto principal, com outras reações secundárias. Ocorre em potencias mais anódico que a descarga de hidrogênio em tampões de ácido acético e acetato. A presença de cobalto(II) em tampões de N-3/HN>sub>3 leva à antecipação da descarga do HN3, com aumento no rendimento de NH+4. Fizeram-se numerosos estudos dos diversos fatores, usando-se coulometria galvamostática e potenciostática, para que se pudessem analisar os produtos da reação de eletrodo. Cobalto(I) é o intermediário que reage rapidamente com HN3, dando origem à primeira onda catalítica. A segunda onda está associada com a modificação da velocidade de reação de eletrodo do HN3, como principal fator. A cinética da reação do cobalto(II) foi estudada, obtendo-se a seguinte constante de velocidade para o processo catódico global, em azoteto 0,40 M: k0 = 9,9 x 10-7 cm-1 seg-1 Níquel(II) dá duas ondas catalíticas a primeira de pequena intensidade, ocorre justamente com a descarga de níquel(II). A segunda onda ocorre em potenciais mais negativos e tem como causa a formação de nucleos ativos que aceleram a reação de eletrodo à semelhança com os metais do grupo da platina.
Title in English
Studies on polarographic reduction of hydrazoic acid and conditions for emerging catalytic waves
Keywords in English
Catalytic waves
Hydrazoic acid
Polarographic methods
Polarographic reduction
Abstract in English
The polarographic reduction of hydrazoic acid, HN3, occurs with the formation of NH+4 cations as the main product, with others side reactions. This reduction takes place at more anodic potentials than the hydrogen discharge from acetate/acetic acid buffers mixtures. The presence of cobalt(II) in N-3/HN3 buffers solutions cause the antecipation of HN3 reductions, with increase in the NH+4 yield. A number of factors has been studied, by use of galvanostatic and potentiostatic coulometry, as auxiliary tools, in order to analyse the products from electrode reactions. Cobalt(I) is the intermediate which fastly reacts with HN3 giving rise to the first catalytic wave. The second one is joined with change of the reaction rate of HN3 at mercury electrode, as the main factor. The kinetics of electrode reduction of cobalt(II) was studied and the following rate constant for the overall cathodic process in sodium azide 0,40 M, was determined: k0 = 9,9 x 10-7 cm-1 seg-1. Nickel(II) gives two catalytic Wawes. The first one occurs together with the niekel discharge and is of low intensity. The second catalytic wave occurs at more negative potentials and is based upon the formation of active nuclei at the mercury surface wich acelerate.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-04-13
 
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