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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.46.2023.tde-11122023-195242
Document
Author
Full name
Thiago Rodrigo dos Santos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Farah, Chuck Shaker (President)
Baldini, Regina Lúcia
Ferreira, Henrique
Marques, Marilis do Valle
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização de um efetor nuclease associado ao sistema de secreção do Tipo IV de Xanthomonas citri e seu inibidor cognato
Keywords in Portuguese
AHH
Efetores antibacterianos
Nuclease
Sistema de secreção do Tipo IV (X-T4SS)
Xanthomonas citri
Abstract in Portuguese
Bactérias desenvolveram diversos mecanismos que permitem antagonizar procariotos competidores que disputam recursos no mesmo nicho. Dentre os mais sofisticados, estão os sistemas de secreção de macromoléculas, que permitem que esses organismos transportem macromoléculas para fora das células. Alguns desses sistemas injetam efetores capazes de matar ou enfraquecer bactérias rivais. Foi identificado um sistema de secreção do Tipo IV (X-T4SS) em bactérias da ordem Xanthomonadales com a função de injetar efetores tóxicos com capacidade de matar bactérias Gram-negativas. Os genes desses efetores se encontram em operon com genes de inibidores cognatos, que protegem a bactéria de se auto intoxicar. Esse sistema está presente em Xanthomonas citri, um fitopatógeno que causa prejuízos em culturas de citros. Dentre os de efetores do T4SS bactericida de X. citri, encontramos X-TfeXAC3266, uma provável nuclease da família AHH, e seu inibidor cognato X-TfiXAC3267. Neste trabalho, foi demonstrado que X-TfeXAC3266 tem um potente efeito tóxico contra bactérias competidoras. Isto foi demonstrado por meio de ensaios de competição bacteriana, análises de microscopia, curvas de crescimento microbiano e medição do tempo de duplicação de células em co-cultura. Também foi possível atestar a atividade nuclease de X-TfeXAC3266. O efetor foi capaz de acionar a resposta do sistema SOS de reparo de DNA em E. coli e de degradar DNA plasmidial in vivo e in vitro. Em todos os experimentos descritos, X-TfiXAC3267 inibiu os efeitos de X-TfeXAC3266, caracterizando-os como um par efetor/inibidor. Por fim, através de ensaios de translocação com Cre recombinase, foi demonstrado que X-TfeXAC3266 é capaz de alcançar o citosol da célula alvo independente do domínio nuclease. O conjunto dos resultados permitem concluir que X-TfeXAC3266 é um efetor antibacteriano do X-T4SS de X. citri com atividade nuclease que atua no citosol da célula alvo; e que X-TfiXAC3267 é seu inibidor cognato.
Title in English
Characterization of a nuclease effector associated with the Xanthomonas citri Type IV secretion system and its cognate inhibitor
Keywords in English
AHH
Antibacterial effectors
Nuclease
Type IV secretion system (X-T4SS)
Xanthomonas citri
Abstract in English
Bacteria have developed several mechanisms that allow these organisms to antagonize competing prokaryotes that compete for resources in the same niche. One of the most sophisticated are macromolecule secretion systems, which allow bacteria to transport macromolecules out of cells. Some of these systems inject effectors capable of killing or weakening rival bacteria. A Type IV secretion system (X-T4SS) was identified in bacteria of the order Xanthomonadales with the function of injecting toxic effectors capable of killing Gram-negative bacteria. The genes of these effectors are in operon with genes of cognate inhibitors, which protect the bacterium from self-intoxication. This system is present in Xanthomonas citri, a phytopathogen that causes damage to citrus crops. Among the X. citri bactericidal T4SS effectors, we found X-TfeXAC3266, a probable nuclease of the AHH family, and its cognate inhibitor X-TfiXAC3267. In this work, it was demonstrated that X-TfeXAC3266 has a potent toxic effect against competing bacteria. This has been demonstrated through bacterial competition assays, microscopy analyses, microbial growth curves and measurement of cell doubling time in co-culture. It was also possible to attest the nuclease activity of X-TfeXAC3266. The effector was able to trigger the SOS DNA repair system response in E. coli and to degrade plasmid DNA in vivo and in vitro. In all experiments described, X-TfiXAC3267 inhibited the effects of X-TfeXAC3266, characterizing them as an effector/inhibitor pair. Finally, through translocation assays with Cre recombinase, it was demonstrated that X-TfeXAC3266 is able to reach the target cell cytosol independent of the nuclease domain. The set of results allow us to conclude that X-TfeXAC3266 is an antibacterial effector of X. citri X-T4SS with nuclease activity that acts in the cytosol of the target cell; and that X-TfiXAC3267 is its cognate inhibitor.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-01-23
 
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