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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.46.2022.tde-10082023-115821
Document
Author
Full name
Vanessa Fernandes Arnaud Sampaio
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Lameu, Claudiana (President)
Medinas, Danilo Bilches
Machado Neto, João Agostinho
Morrone, Fernanda Bueno
Title in English
P2X7 receptor isoforms and neuroblastoma: the key role of P2X7B in drug resistance
Keywords in English
Cancer stem cells
Chemoresistance
Childhood cancer
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
P2X7 receptor
P2X7B isoform
Abstract in English
Drug resistance is a major challenge for all oncological treatments that involve the use of cytotoxic agents. Recent therapeutic alternatives cannot circumvent the ability of cancer cells to adapt or alter the natural selection of resistant cells, so the problem persists. In neuroblastoma, recurrence can occur in 50% of high-risk patients. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic targets capable of modulating survival or death following classical antitumor interventions is crucial to address this problem. In this study, we investigated the role of the P2X7 receptor in chemoresistance. Here, we elucidated the contributions of P2X7 receptor A and B isoforms to neuroblastoma chemoresistance, demonstrating that the B isoform favors resistance through a combination of mechanisms including drug efflux via MRP-type transporters, resistance to retinoids, retaining cells in a stem-like phenotype, suppression of autophagy, and EMT induction, while the A isoform has opposite and/or complementary roles.
Title in Portuguese
As isoformas do receptor P2X7 e o neuroblastoma: o papel crucial da isoforma B na quimiorresistência
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer infantil
Células-tronco tumorais
Isoforma P2X7B
Quimiorresistência
Receptor P2X7
Transição epitélio-mesenquimal
Abstract in Portuguese
O uso de agentes citotóxicos é a base de grande parte dos tratamentos oncológicos, e a quimiorresistência é o desafio central para sua efetividade. Mesmo as alternativas terapêuticas mais recentes, embora representem importantes contribuições, não são capazes de contornar ou combater a seleção natural das células resistentes ou restringir sua ampla capacidade adaptativa. No neuroblastoma, a recorrência tumoral ocorre em até 50% dos pacientes de alto risco. Desta forma, a identificação de novos alvos terapêuticos capazes de modular a sobrevivência ou morte celular em resposta aos tratamentos farmacológicos é crucial para a evolução da terapia anticâncer. Neste trabalho, investigamos o papel do receptor P2X7 na quimiorresistência e elucidamos as contribuições de suas isoformas A e B. Demonstramos que a isoforma B favorece a resistência aos fármacos estudados, por diversos mecanismos, incluindo o efluxo de fármacos via bombas do tipo MRP, resistência a retinoides, retenção das células em fenótipo indiferenciado, supressão da autofagia e indução de EMT, enquanto a isoforma A desempenha funções opostas e/ou complementares.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-08-25
 
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