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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2023.tde-14122023-112709
Document
Author
Full name
Monique Campos Naccarato Carrijo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Moreira, Ana Carolina Takakura (President)
Caetano, Ariadiny de Lima
Dale, Camila Squarzoni
Iwashe, Elisa Mitiko Kawamoto
Title in Portuguese
Envolvimento do núcleo do trato solitário nas alterações respiratórias observadas durante hipóxia em um modelo experimental da Doença de Parkinson.
Keywords in Portuguese
Doenças neurodegenerativas
Hipóxia
Quimiorreflexo periférico
Respiração
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença de Parkinson (DP) é caracterizada pela perda progressiva de neurônios dopaminérgicos da substância negra compacta (SNpc), acompanhada de sintomas clássicos e não clássicos, como a insuficiência respiratória. Aqui, nossos objetivos foram investigar se: 1) existem comunicações neuronais entre a SNpc e o núcleo do trato solitário comissural (NTSc), 2) os neurônios do NTS têm participação nas alterações respiratórias induzidas pela ativação de quimiorreceptores periféricos por hipóxia e o fenótipo desses neurônios e 3) existe prejuízo no número de neurônios Phox2b ou que são ativados por hipóxia no NTS e se projetam para o núcleo retrotrapezóide (RTN), num modelo experimental da DP. Ratos Wistar adultos receberam injeção bilateral de veículo ou 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA) no estriado. Os registros ventilatórios foram realizados por pletismografia de corpo inteiro e para verificar as projeções entre regiões, usamos injeção unilateral do traçador retrógrado Fluorogold (FG) no NTSc e RTN. Para investigar a ativação neuronal analisamos a expressão da proteína FOS em ratos submetidos à hipóxia (1h) 41 e 61 dias após a injeção de veículo ou 6-OHDA. Os resultados mostraram que no modelo experimental utilizado a resposta ventilatória basal e em resposta a hipóxia está prejudicada, há redução de neurônios Phox2b ou ativados por hipóxia no NTS que se projetam para o RTN e existe uma via indireta da SNpc para o NTSc, que passa pela substância cinzenta periaquedutal (PAG). Não vimos redução de neurônios catecolaminérgicos no NTS. Concluímos que a via SNpc PAG NTSc pode estar prejudicada no modelo 6-OHDA, justificando a perda de neurônios Phox2b ou ativados por hipóxia no NTSc, levando aos prejuízos respiratórios diante do estímulo da hipóxia. Além disso, sugerimos que neurônios Phox2b reduzidos no NTS, possam ser os mesmos que são ativados por hipóxia e que se projetam para o RTN, o que seria mais uma explicação para a neurodegeneração do RTN e consequentes disfunções em resposta à hipercapnia.
Title in English
Involvement of the nucleus of the solitary tract in respiratory changes observed during hypoxia in an experimental model of Parkinson's Disease.
Keywords in English
Breathing
Hypoxia
Neurodegenerative diseases
Peripheral chemoreflex
Abstract in English
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra compact (SNpc), accompanied by classic and nonclassical symptoms, such as respiratory failure. Here, our objectives were to investigate whether: 1) there are neuronal communications between the SNpc and the commissural area of the nucleus of the solitary tract commissural (cNTS), 2) NTS neurons participate in respiratory alterations induced by activation of peripheral chemoreceptors by hypoxia and their phenotype neurons and 3) there is impairment in the number of Phox2b neurons or neurons that are activated by hypoxia in the NTS and project to the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), in an experimental model of PD. Adult Wistar rats received bilateral injection of vehicle or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the striatum. Ventilatory recordings were performed by full body plethysmography and to verify the projections between regions, we used unilateral injection of the retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG) in the cNTS and RTN. To investigate neuronal activation, we analyzed FOS protein expression in rats subjected to hypoxia (1h) 41 and 61 days after vehicle or 6-OHDA injection. The results showed that in the experimental model used, the basal ventilatory response and in response to hypoxia are impaired, there is a reduction of Phox2b or hypoxia-activated neurons in the NTS that project to the RTN and there is an indirect pathway from the SNpc to the NTSc, which passes by the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). We did not see a reduction of catecholaminergic neurons in the NTS. We conclude that the SNpc PAG cNTS pathway may be impaired in the 6-OHDA model, justifying the loss of Phox2b or hypoxic-activated neurons in the cNTS, leading to respiratory damage in the face of hypoxia stimulus. Furthermore, we suggest that reduced Phox2b neurons in the NTS may be the same ones that are activated by hypoxia and that project to the RTN, which would be one more explanation for the neurodegeneration of the RTN and consequent dysfunctions in response to hypercapnia.
 
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Release Date
2025-12-13
Publishing Date
2023-12-15
 
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