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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2020.tde-13072020-141141
Document
Author
Full name
Giovanna Cassone Salata
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Lopes, Luciana Biagini (President)
Andréo Filho, Newton
Chacra, Nádia Araci Bou
Lotufo, Leticia Veras Costa
Title in Portuguese
Sistemas biorresponsivos para liberação sustentada de fármacos visando a quimioprevenção do câncer de mama.
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer de Mama
Cristais Líquidos
Fenretinida
Liberação Sustentada
Microemulsão
Abstract in Portuguese
A despeito da alta incidência do câncer de mama, há escassas estratégias farmacológicas quimiopreventivas que, em função dos graves efeitos adversos sistêmicos, implicam em baixa adesão. Retinoides são capazes de inibir o desenvolvimento tumoral por regularem o crescimento e diferenciação celular, e dentre eles, a fenretinida é considerada promissora para a prevenção de câncer de mama por acumular-se no tecido mamário. Entretanto, além dos efeitos adversos graves, sua elevada lipofilicidade resulta em baixa biodisponibilidade oral. Para contornar essas limitações e possibilitar seu uso na quimioprevenção, o presente estudo objetivou o desenvolvimento de microemulsões que, por meio da administração subcutânea e absorção de água tecidual, transformam-se em fase líquido-cristalina capaz de prolongar a liberação local do fármaco. Diversas microemulsões foram preparadas, sendo selecionadas as compostas por [fosfatidilcolina]:[monoleína:tricaprilina]-propilenoglicol nas proporções 1:1-30% e 9:1- 50%. Ambas apresentaram diâmetro inferior a 230 nm, originaram fase líquido- cristalina quando adicionadas de 1% ou mais de água e prolongaram a liberação de Alexa Flúor 647 in vivo por mais de 30 dias, mas a microemulsão 1:1-30% causou irritação local e formação de uma cápsula fibrosa. A fenretinida foi incorporada na concentração de 1% (m/m), e, sua liberação seguiu cinética de pseudo-primeira ordem, sendo aproximadamente 30% liberado após 9 dias. O tratamento de células MCF-7 e T47D com a formulação 9:1-50% contendo fenretinida mostrou-se mais citotóxico comparado à 1:1-30%, levando à sua escolha para estudos subsequentes. Esta formulação também reduziu a migração celular em 65,2 e 75,9%, quando utilizada em concentrações equivalentes a IC5 e IC15 (concentrações necessárias para reduzir a viabilidade em 5 ou 15%) comparado a células não tratadas. Em modelos 3D, o tratamento com 9:1-50% na concentração equivalente a IC30 reduziu a viabilidade dos esferoides em 28,8%. No modelo animal de carcinogênese induzida quimicamente, a formulação mostrou-se segura e efetiva, sendo capaz de inibir o desenvolvimento de tumores de mama. Os promissores resultados apontam para o potencial desta nova plataforma na quimioprevenção do câncer de mama.
Title in English
Bioresponsive system for sustained drug release aiming at breast cancer chemoprevention.
Keywords in English
Breast Cancer
Fenretinide
Liquid Crystal
Microemulsion
Sustained Release
Abstract in English
Despite the high incidence of breast cancer, there are few pharmacological strategies for chemoprevention, and their serious adverse effects, result in low adherence. Retinoids are capable of inhibiting mammary tumors development due to regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and, among them, fenretinide is considered promising for breast cancer chemoprevention for its ability to accumulate in breast tissue. However, the drug presents serious adverse effects, and its high lipophilicity results in low oral bioavailability. To overcome these limitations and enable its use in chemoprevention, the present study aimed at developing bioresponsive microemulsions capable of uptaking in situ fluids after subcutaneous administration and transforming into a liquid crystalline phase that provides prolonged and local fenretinide release. Several microemulsions were prepared, and those composed of [phosphatidylcholine]:[monoolein:tricaprylin]-propylene glycol in the proportions 1:1- 30% and 9:1-50% were selected. They presented diameters below 230 nm, originated liquid-crystalline phase when added 1% or more of water, and prolonged Alexa Fluor 647 release in vivo for more than 30 days; however, the microemulsion 1:1-30% caused local irritation and the formation of a fibrous capsule. Fenretinide was incorporated at a concentration of 1% (m/m), and its release followed pseudo-first order kinetics, Treatment of MCF-7 and T47D cells with the formulation 9:1-50% loaded with fenretinide was more cytotoxic compared to 1:1-30%, leading to its the selection for subsequent studies. Treatment with the fenretinide-loaded 9:1-50% formulation reduced cell migration by 65.2 and 75.9% when used in concentrations equivalent to IC5 and IC15 (concentrations required to reduce viability by 5 or 15%) compared to untreated cells, respectively. In 3D models, treatment with 9:1-50% at a concentration equivalent to IC30 reduced the viability of spheroids by 28.8% compared to the untreated control. In the animal model of chemically induced carcinogenesis, the 9:1- 50% formulation was safe and effective, inhibiting the development of breast tumors. The promising results point to the potential of this formulation as new platform for chemoprevention of breast cancer.
 
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Release Date
2022-07-13
Publishing Date
2022-12-01
 
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