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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2013.tde-29052014-161540
Document
Author
Full name
Desire Ferreira Coelho
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Seelaender, Marilia Cerqueira Leite (President)
Alaniz, Miriam Helena Fonseca
Benatti, Fabiana Braga
Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes
Toledo, Julio Orlando Tirapegui
Title in Portuguese
O papel da composição de ácidos graxos da dieta na lipectomia e nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais.
Keywords in Portuguese
Dieta animal
Inflamação
Lipectomia
Metabolismo animal
Ratos
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente tese foi dividida em dois estudos. O primeiro teve objetivou avaliar os efeitos da lipectomia visceral, em ratos submetidos a diferentes dietas hiperlipídicas. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos: dieta saturada (SAT), poli-insaturada (PUFA) e controle (CON). Oito semanas depois, foram submetidos à cirurgia e subdivididos entre grupo lipectomia (L) ou falso operado (FO). Quando associada a SAT, L ocasionou crescimento compensatório do depósito retroperitoneal e de TNF-alfa, resultando em piora da sensibilidade à insulina, concentrações de colesterol e aumento do conteúdo hepático de gordura. Porém, L não ocasionou este efeitos quando associada a PUFA, devido ao aumentado depósito marrom e um melhor perfil inflamatório. O segundo estudo avaliou os efeitos dessas dietas em camundongos com retrocolite ulcerativa. PUFA piorou os escores inflamatórios e de lesão, tendo taxa de óbito de 43%. Já SAT apresentou perfil pró-inflamatório, mas com melhor resposta à doença, nos levando a concluir que a inflamação é necessária para a regeneração tecidual. Assim, os dois estudos demonstram que, mais importante que o conteúdo total de lipídios, é a qualidade e que é necessário se verificar a necessidade de cada um deles em função do perfil metabólico.
Title in English
The role of different dietary fatty acids on lipectomy and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Keywords in English
Animal diet
Animal metabolism
Inflammation
Lipectomy
Rats
Abstract in English
The present thesis is divided into two studies. The aim of the first study was to investigate the effects of lipectomy in rats submitted to different high-fat diets. The rats were allocated into three groups; a high-saturated fat diet (SAT), a high-polyunsaturated fat diet (PUFA) and a control diet (CON). Following eight weeks, rats were allocated to lipectomy (L) or a sham operation (S); and euthanized three weeks after. SAT-L occasioned a compensatory growth of the retroperitoneal depot and increased TNF-a levels resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity, increased cholesterol levels and increased fatty liver. PUFA-L did not shown these effects probably due to increased brown adipose depot. The second study aimed to evaluate the effects of the SAT and PUFA in mice with ulcerative colitis. PUFA increased inflammatory scores and tissue lesions, resulting in increased death rate. SAT increased MPO and cytokine mRNA expression. However, the histological analyses showed an improved tissue response suggesting that inflammation is necessary. Therefore, it can be concluded that the type of fat is more important than the total amount according to the disease state.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-05-30
 
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