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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2012.tde-17042013-105432
Document
Author
Full name
Andrew Silva da Cunha
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Colquhoun, Alison (President)
Siviero, Fábio
Souza, Silvia Cristina Ribeiro de
Title in Portuguese
Análise do papel da prostaglandina E2 e seus receptores na proliferação e apoptose em glioma humano, e da expressão das enzimas COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, mPGES-2 e cPGES.
Keywords in Portuguese
Neoplasias cerebrais
Prognóstico
Prostaglandinas
Quimioterapia
Radioterapia
Sistema nervoso central
Abstract in Portuguese
Os gliomas são tumores do sistema nervoso central (SNC) que evoluem a partir das células da glia. O tipo mais frequente e mais agressivo destes tumores é conhecido como glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) e entre as características biológicas de agressividade associadas a esse tumor estão o seu rápido crescimento e ausência de apoptose. O seu prognóstico desfavorável está associado à dificuldade de tratamento dessas células, pois possuem resistência à quimioterapia e a radioterapia. A expressão gênica das enzimas ciclooxigenase-1 (COX-1), ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandina E sintase-1 microssomal (mPGES-1), prostaglandina E sintase-2 microssomal (mPGES-2), prostaglandina E sintase citosólica (cPGES) e os produtos da síntese destas enzimas, incluindo a prostaglandina E1 (PGE1) e a prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) estão diretamente relacionados com a malignidade dos gliomas. A PGE1 e a PGE2 podem atuar de modo autócrino e parácrino, interagindo com suas células alvos através de ligação aos receptores da superfície celular que estão ligados a proteína G. Estes receptores são conhecidos como receptores EPs e dividem-se em quatro subtipos: EP-1, EP-2, EP-3 e EP-4 sendo que cada um deles ativa vias distintas de sinalização intracelular. Desta forma, este estudo teve por objetivo analisar in vitro o papel da PGE1, PGE2 e seus receptores na proliferação e apoptose em glioma humano, e a expressão das enzimas COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, mPGES-2 e cPGES.
Title in English
Analysis of the role of prostaglandin E2 receptors in the proliferation and apoptosis of human glioma, and expression of the enzymes COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, mPGES-2 and cPGES.
Keywords in English
Brain tumors
Central nervous system
Chemotherapy
Prognosis
Prostaglandins
Radiotherapy
Abstract in English
Gliomas are tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) that evolve from glial cells. The most common and most aggressive form of these tumors is known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The biological aggressiveness of GBM is associated with its rapid growth and lack of apoptosis. Its poor prognosis is strongly associated with the difficulty of treating these cells as they are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The gene expression of the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 (mPGES-2), cytosolic prostaglandin E synthase (cPGES) and the products of the activity of these enzymes, including prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), are directly related to the malignancy of gliomas. PGE1 and PGE2 can act in an autocrine and paracrine manner, by interacting with their target cells via binding to cell surface receptors that are linked to G-proteins. These receptors are known as EP receptors and are divided into four subtypes: EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4; each of which activates distinct intracellular signaling pathways. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze, in vitro, the role of PGE1, PGE2 and their receptors in the proliferation and apoptosis of human glioma and the expression of COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, mPGES-2 and cPGES.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-05-22
 
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